摘要
为抑制疏干排水造成的地下水水资源量衰减,并控制露天煤矿煤炭开采对地下水资源的影响范围,采用了水帷幕保水采煤技术。以某露天煤矿为背景,建立沙槽回灌平台进行物理实验,再通过数值方法对回灌区进行模拟计算,分析疏干–回灌水帷幕的形成和变化规律。物理实验方法观察到回灌水帷幕形成定水头边界,阻止漏斗扩展的过程,获得不同回灌水帷幕水头高度对注水量的影响和注水量与排泄量平衡的最佳水头。数值模拟获得物理模拟类似的结果,回灌水帷幕位置可以有效限定疏干降落漏斗范围,回灌水帷幕定水头高度与疏干区水位和疏干时间正相关;最大回灌量受帷幕定水头高度影响显著;回灌水帷幕距离采坑越远对阻隔帷幕外水源补给的作用越大。物理模拟和数值模拟表明,改变回灌水帷幕的位置或水头高度都可以使得矿坑的排水量与帷幕的注水量相等,这就可以最大限度减少疏干水的外排水量。研究表明,疏干–回灌水帷幕可望成为我国露天煤矿区保水采煤的实用模式。
To suppress the attenuation of groundwater resources caused by drainage and control the influence range of coal mining on groundwater resources, the coal mining technology with water curtain was adopted. Taking an open-pit coal mine as the background, this paper established a sand trough recharge platform to carry out physical experiments, and used a numerical method to simulate the irrigation area, so as to analyze the formation and variation of the dewatering-reflooding water curtain. Physical experiments were carried out to observe the formation of a fixed head boundary by water injection curtain which prevented the expansion of funnel, the influence of different heights of water injection curtain head on water injection volume and the optimal water head which balanced the water injection and excretion were obtained. The numerical simulation results were similar to that of physical simulation. Under the condition that the aquifer falling funnel had been formed, the closer the water injection curtain is to discharge area, the greater the recharge amount to reach the predetermined head. And it took longer for water level to recover to a predetermined value under the condition of a given amount of water injection. In both physical and numerical simulation, changing the position of the water injection curtain or the height of the water head can make the pit drainage equal to the water injection of the curtain, which can minimized the external displacement of drainage water. The experiment and numerical simulation show that the water injection curtain is expected to be a practical model for water-preserved coal mining in open-pit coal mines in China.
作者
李颖
杨卓
吴桐
LI Ying;YANG Zhuo;WU Tong(CCTEG Shenyang Engineering Company,Shenyang 110015,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期160-166,共7页
Coal Geology & Exploration
基金
中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项重点项目(2018-2-ZD005)
绿色矿山建设要求及标准研究课题(NK001-2018)。
关键词
露天煤矿
疏干排水
回灌
水帷幕
定水头
保水采煤
open-pit coal mine
mine water draining
water recharge
water curtain
constant water head
water-preserved coal mining