如何理解蒯因的说谎者?

How to understand Quine’s liar?

蒯因的说谎者,因为看起来没有经典说谎者当中的那种自我指称,对那种把说谎者悖论归咎于无意义或者非法的自我指称的解决方案提出了严峻挑战。但是,蒯因本人和后来为数不多的评论者大多并没有对此给予足够的关注。通过跨越语形和语义的分析,发现蒯因的说谎者也有可以归咎的自我指称形式,只不过它不是经典说谎者当中的明确形式,而是另外一种经常遇到却从未留意的隐含形式。

Quine’s liar,for it seems that there is no self-reference in the classic liars,poses a serious challenge to the resolution of blaming the liar paradox on meaningless or illegal self-reference.However,Quine himself and most of his few commenters did not pay enough attention to it.Through an analysis across syntax and semantics,this paper finds that Quine’s liar also has a self-referential form that can be blamed,but it is not an explicit form in the classic liars,but another implicit form that people actually often encountered but never noticed.