《周易》经传中的“君子”

The Junzi in Jingzhuan of Zhouyi

"君子"作为《周易》道德体系中的重要范畴,亦有政治层面的含义。从经到传,"君子"的内涵发生了由重位到重德的变化。卦爻辞中的"君子"乃商周时期易学思想的拟人化代表,即君王和贵族。按照阴阳相生、乾坤设位的原则,"君子"之意涵盖了《周易》的君臣之道。《易传》中的"君子"所指群体更为广泛。《易传》建立了"君子"之道的价值本体,形而上的本体多方面地展现在现实的价值原则中。《大象传》《系辞传》中提出三全"君子"当德才兼备。《周易》中"先王""大人"等称谓同属君子范畴,异称同指。商周时期的社会变革以及人的自我觉醒成为《周易》时代人们自觉追求"君子"人生的主因。

As an important category in the moral system of Zhouyi,“Junzi(君子)”also has political connotation.From Yijing to Yizhuan,there has been a change from position to virtue.“Junzi”in the Yijing is the anthropomorphic representative of the thought of Zhouyi in the Shang and Zhou dynasties,that is,the king and the nobility.According to the principle of the coexistence of Yin and Yang and the establishment of heaven and earth,the meaning of“Junzi”covers the way of kings and officials in the Zhouyi.The“Junzi”in Yizhuan refers to a broader group.Yizhuan establishes the value noumenon of the way of“Junzi”,and the metaphysical noumenon is displayed in the realistic value principles in many aspects.In the Daxiang and the Xici,it is proposed that three complete“Junzi”should have both virtue and talent.In the Zhouyi,appellations such as“Xian wang”and“Da ren”belong to the category of Junzi.The social changes in the Shang and Zhou Dynasties and people's self-wakening have become the main reasons for people's conscious pursuit of“Junzi”life in the Zhouyi era.