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人员密集场所火灾毒气扩散后果动态评价 被引量:4

Dynamic evaluation of consequences of toxic gas dispersion in fire of crowded places
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摘要 为定量评价人员密集场所火灾毒气扩散后果,选取宿舍建筑作为典型的人员密集场所火灾场景,采用PyroSim软件获取火灾过程中毒气浓度的时空分布,采用Pathfinder软件获取疏散过程中人员位置的时空分布;基于2个软件的输出结果,采用Matlab软件编写数据查询算法,获取人员疏散过程中的暴露浓度,并计算平均吸入剂量,将其作为毒气扩散后果评价指标,用以评价不同的火灾场景。研究结果表明:火源位于第1层时,毒气扩散后果最严重;开启2个疏散出口,会极大地降低火灾毒气扩散后果;随着探测时间的减小,平均吸入剂量基本呈现线性递减;当火源靠近楼梯间时,探测时间的下降对降低毒气扩散后果有着更明显的作用。 In order to quantitatively evaluate consequences of fire accidents in crowed places,dorm building was selected as a typical fire scenario,PyroSim software was used to obtain spatial-temporal distribution of toxic gases'concentration,and Pathfinder software was utilized to obtain such distribution of occupants'locations.Then,based on results output by the two software,data query algorithm written by Matlab code was adopted to obtain exposure concentration of occupants during evacuation,and average inhalation dose was calculated as an index to evaluate consequences of different fire scenarios.The results show that the consequence is the worst when fire occurs on the first floor.Opening two evacuation exits will greatly reduce impacts of fire accidents.As detection time decreases,average absorbed dose basically decreases linearly.When fire source is close to staircase,drop in detection time plays a greater role in reducing consequences.
作者 王继贇 宗若雯 陆守香 WANG Jiyun;ZONG Ruowen;LU Shouxiang(State Key Laboratory of Fire Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230027,China;Suzhou Key Laboratory of Urban Public Safety,Suzhou Institute for Advanced Research,University of Science and Technology of China,Suzhou Jiangsu 215123,China)
出处 《中国安全科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2021年第12期167-175,共9页 China Safety Science Journal
基金 江苏省重点研发项目(BE2020663)。
关键词 人员密集场所 火灾毒气扩散 PyroSim软件 Pathfinder软件 动态评价 crowed places toxic gases dispersion in fire PyroSim software Pathfinder software dynamic evaluation
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