水热处理竹纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料的制备与性能

Preparation and Properties of Polypropylene/Hydrothermal-Treated Bamboo Fiber Composites

为提升聚丙烯(PP)基竹塑复合材料的性能,添加水热处理毛竹纤维(HTBF),制备PP/HTBF复合材料并表征其热学性能与力学性能。结果表明:水热处理降低毛竹纤维(BF)的极性,改善BF与PP基体的相容性。HTBF的添加促进PP的结晶,提高PP的熔融温度,提升PP的热学性能。HTBF的添加增强复合材料的力学强度、刚性、弹性、抗蠕变性能与抗应力松弛能力,但是降低复合材料的耐水性能。PP/HTBF(30%)的热稳定性较好,PP/HTBF(40%)的力学性能较优,其拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲模量分别为34.45、55.84和4 330.77 MPa,较纯PP分别提高48.6%、55.1%和226.0%。

In order to improve the performance of polypropylene(PP) based bamboo-plastic composites, hydrothermally treated bamboo fiber(HTBF) was added to prepare PP/HTBF composites, and thermal and mechanical properties of PP/HTBF composites were characterized. The results show that hydrothermal treatment reduces the polarity of bamboo fiber(BF) and the compatibility between BF and PP matrix is increased. The addition of HTBF promotes the crystallization of PP, increases the melting temperature of PP and improves the thermal properties of PP. With the addition of HTBF, the mechanical properties, rigidity, elasticity, creep resistance and stress relaxation resistance of the composites are improved,but the water resistance of the composites is reduced. PP/HTBF(30%) shows the best thermal stability. PP/HTBF(40%) has better mechanical properties. The tensile strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus of PP/HTBF(40%) are 34.45,55.84 and 4 330.77 MPa, which are 48.6%, 55.1% and 226.0% higher than those of neat PP, respectively.