聚氨酯/纳米孔硅复合泡沫塑料的制备及其保温性能的研究

Research on Preparation and Thermal Insulation Performance of Polyurethane/Nanoporous Silicon Syntactic Foam

以纳米孔硅气凝胶粉末作为填料制备聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)/纳米孔硅建筑保温材料,研究不同纳米孔硅含量对PUF复合材料性能的影响。结果表明:3号样品具有较好的热稳定性以及保温性能,其升温和降温时间分别为72 min和48 min,热节省率达到42.1%。此外,3号样品具有最佳的力学性能,其压缩强度以及冲击强度分别达到15.87 MPa和4.87 kJ/m^(2),相比0号样品提升71.94%和49.85%。并且3号样品的LOI值最佳,为40.32%,具有较好的阻燃性能。由于3号样品具有优良的综合性能,可以用于建筑保温材料。

Polyurethane foam(PUF)/nanoporous silicon building insulation material was prepared with nanoporous silicon aerogel powder as filler. The effects of different nanoporous silicon contents on the properties of PUF composites were studied. The results show that sample 3 has better thermal stability and thermal insulation performance. Heating time and cooling time of sample 3 are 72 min and 48 min respectively, and the heat saving rate of sample 3 reaches 42.1%. In addition, sample 3 has the best mechanical properties. Compressive strength and impact strength of sample 3 reach 15.87 MPa and 4.87 k J/m^(2) respectively, which are increased by 71.94% and 49.85% compared with No.0 sample. The LOI value of sample 3 is the best, which is 40.32%, and has good flame retardancy. Because sample 3 has excellent comprehensive performance, it can be used for building insulation materials.