青少年焦虑情绪与家庭环境及心理弹性之间的关联研究

Study on the relationship between adolescent anxiety,family environment and mental resilience

目的研究青少年焦虑情绪与家庭环境及心理弹性之间的关联性。方法选取2020年9~11月合肥市3所中学895例初一至高三学生作为调查对象,收集学生一般人口学资料,并采用《中学生焦虑量表》《家庭环境量表(中文版)》和《青少年心理韧性量表》测量学生焦虑情绪、家庭环境及心理弹性,然后采用多因素Logistic回归分析青少年焦虑情绪与家庭环境、心理弹性之间的关联性。结果共发放问卷895份,回收有效问卷881份,问卷有效率为98.44%。焦虑情绪检出101例,检出率为11.46%;焦虑青少年群体和非焦虑青少年群体在学习成绩、母亲工作情况、独生子女、家庭环境(亲密度、矛盾性、娱乐性、组织性和控制性)、心理弹性(人际协助和家庭支持)方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,青少年焦虑情绪与家庭环境的亲密度(OR=1.031,95%CI:0.973~2.544)、矛盾性(OR=1.122,95%CI:1.071~1.746)、娱乐性(OR=0.936,95%CI:0.895~1.037)、组织性(OR=0.933,95%CI:0.905~1.508)和控制性(OR=1.060,95%CI:1.018~1.711)以及心理弹性的人际协助(OR=1.016,95%CI:0.935~2.901)和家庭支持(OR=1.008,95%CI:0.937~3.505)具有较强关联性。结论家庭环境的亲密度、娱乐性及组织性和心理弹性的人际协助、家庭支持因子是青少年焦虑情绪的保护因素,家庭环境的矛盾性与控制性是青少年焦虑情绪的危险因素。临床干预青少年焦虑情绪应着眼于加强家庭环境亲密度、娱乐性、组织性和心理弹性的支持力维度,削弱家庭环境矛盾性和控制性因子的作用。

Objective To study the relationship between adolescent anxiety,family environment and mental resilience.Methods A total of 895 students from junior high school to senior high school from 3 middle schools in Hefei city from September to November 2020 were selected as the subjects.The general demographic data of the students were collected,and the anxiety,family environment and mental resilience of the students were measured by the Middle School Students Anxiety Scale,the Family Environment Scale(Chinese version)and the Adolescent Resilience Scale.Then multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between adolescent anxiety and family environment and mental resilience.Results A total of 895 questionnaires were sent out,881 were effectively received,and the effective rate was 98.44%.101 cases of anxiety were detected,and the detection rate was 11.46%.There were significant statistical differences in academic performance,mother's working situation,only child,family environment(intimacy,contradiction,entertainment,organization and control),and mental resilience(interpersonal assistance and family support)between anxious and non-anxious adolescents(P<0.001);the results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the closeness(OR=1.031,95%CI:0.973-2.544),contradiction(OR=1.122,95%CI:1.071-1.746),entertainment(OR=0.936,95%CI:0.895~1.037),organizational(OR=0.933,95%CI:0.905~1.508),controlling(OR=1.060,95%CI:1.018~1.711)and interpersonal assistance of psychological resilience(OR=1.016,95%CI:0.935~2.901)and family support(OR=1.008,95%CI:0.937~3.505)were strongly correlated.Conclusion Family environment of intimacy,entertaining and organizational and resilience of interpersonal assist,family support factor is the protection of the adolescent anxiety factors,the contradiction between family environment and controlling is a risk factor for adolescent anxiety,clinical intervention should focus on strengthening intimacy family environment,entertaining,organizational and psychological elastic support dimension,The effects of family environmental contradictions and controlling factors were weakened.