高强钢在轻量化结构设计中的应用及其焊接

Application and welding of high-strength steel in lightweight structure design

介绍了高强钢的使用特性,综述了目前世界各国高强钢在桥梁、工程机械、汽车制造、建筑工程、飞机制造、石油管线等行业中的应用情况。总结了高强钢的焊条电弧焊、气体保护焊、药芯焊丝气体保护焊、埋弧焊、激光焊、激光-MAG复合焊、搅拌摩擦焊等焊接工艺及其特点。并分析了高强钢在焊接时因其合金元素复杂、强化机理多样导致的氢致裂纹、冷裂纹、热影响区性能转变等问题,介绍了为解决高强钢焊接问题进行的焊材研究及其进展。

This paper introduces the application characteristics of high-strength steel, and summarizes the application of high-strength steel in bridge, construction machinery, automobile manufacturing, construction engineering, aircraft manufacturing,oil pipeline and other industries all over the world. Because welding is an important method of high-strength steel connection, we summarize the welding processes and characteristics of high-strength steel electrode arc welding, gas shielded welding, fluxcored wire gas shielded welding, submerged arc welding, laser welding, laser-MAG hybrid welding, friction stir welding, etc. The problems of hydrogen induced crack, cold crack and performance transformation in heat affected zone caused by complex alloy elements and various strengthening mechanisms of high-strength steel during welding are analyzed. The research and progress of welding materials to solve the welding problems of high-strength steel are introduced.