外群歧视与农民工城市创业

Out-group Discrimination and MigrantWorkers'Entrepreneurship

从全国流动人口动态监测调查数据来实证分析农民工遭受的外群歧视与其城市创业行为的关系,可以发现:外群歧视明显抑制了农民工的城市创业行为。形成这一影响的机制是外群歧视减少了农民工的社会资本和人力资本积累,降低了对他们的社会尊重程度,进而抑制了其城市创业行为。外群歧视对雇主和自营劳动者这两类创业活动都有明显的抑制作用,但对前者的抑制作用更大。另外,新生代、跨省流动、东部地区农民工的城市创业行为受到外群歧视的抑制作用要更大一些。农民工大量流入的城市应该积极采取各种措施,努力减少对农民工的外群歧视,并创造公平的市场环境,以激发农民工城市创业的活力。

Based on the data of dynamic monitoring survey of the migrant population in China,the relationship between out-group discrimination against migrant workers and their entrepreneurship is examined.Results show that out-group discrimination has a negative influence on the probability of migrant workers'entrepreneurship.The mechanism contributing to this influence is that out-group discrimination reduces migrant workers'accumulation of social capital and human capital,social respect for them decreases and as a result their entrepreneurship is inhibited.Out-group discrimination exerts an inhibiting influence on the entrepreneurship of both employers and self-employed workers,but with a more inhibiting effect on the former.Moreover,there is a more negative effect of the discrimination on the entrepreneurship of migrant workers born after 1979,moving between two provinces,and working in the eastern region.The policy-makers in immigrating cities should take various steps to decrease the out-group discrimination against migrant workers,establish a fair market environment,and stimulate the vitality of their entrepreneurship.