普通话儿童的交际策略研究

On Communication Strategies of Mandarin Children

本文借鉴第二语言交际策略研究的策略分类框架和语料分析方法,以《人生初年》中的冬冬为研究对象,对母语为普通话的儿童交际策略进行了深入的探索,发现:(1)随着年龄的增长,普通话儿童交际策略的使用量呈现出下降的趋势;(2)随着年龄的增长,普通话儿童交际策略的使用倾向既有同一性,又有差异性;(3)普通话儿童交际策略的使用倾向受到诸如语言环境、词语水平、认知水平、话语组织能力等因素的影响;(4)普通话儿童交际策略的使用与普通话二语学习者交际策略的使用有很大程度的相似性,同时也有差异。本文还探讨了以上发现对普通话儿童交际能力发展的启示。

Based on the strategy classification framework and corpus analysis method of second language communication strategy research, this paper makes an in-depth exploration on the communication strategies of children whose mother tongue is Mandarin. It is found that:(1) As age increases, the use of communication strategies by children shows a downward trend;(2) As age increases, Mandarin children’s communication strategy use has both identical and different tendency;(3) The tendency of Mandarin children’s communication strategy use is affected by factors such as language environment, word level, cognitive level and discourse organization ability;(4) The use of communication strategies between Mandarin children and Mandarin second language learners is similar, but also has different features. This paper also discusses the enlightenment of the above findings on the development of Mandarin children’s communicative competence.