基于食物分级的吞咽测试对脑梗死精准进食的吞咽管理的改善作用

Effect of food grading based swallowing test on swallowing management of precise eating in patients with cerebral infarction

【目的】探究基于食物分级的吞咽测试对脑梗死精准进食的吞咽管理的改善作用。【方法】选取近三年来于我院治疗的82例脑梗死患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=41)和观察组(n=41),对照组采用常规吞咽管理,观察组采用食物分级制度精准进食护理。比较两组患者护理干预前、干预1个月、干预2个月、干预3个月和干预6个月时标准吞咽功能评估(SSA)评分、生活质量、并发症的发生情况。【结果】护理干预后,观察组患者的SSA评分明显低于对照组,生活质量评分显著高于对照组,呛咳、吸入性肺炎等发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。【结论】通过食物流动测试后,合理采用食物分级制度能明显改善患者的吞咽功能和生活质量,同时降低吞咽困难引起的不良反应发生概率,保证了患者进食的安全性和有效性。

【Objective】To explore the effect of food grading based swallowing test on swallowing management of precise eating in cerebral infarction.【Methods】The 82 patients with cerebral infarction in our hospital in recent three years were selected as the research object.They were randomly divided into control group(n=41)and observation group(n=41).The control group adopted routine swallowing management,and the observation group adopted food grading system and accurate eating nursing.The scores of Standardized Swallowing Assessment(SSA),quality of life and complications were compared between the two groups before nursing intervention,1 month,2 months,3 months and 6 months after before nursing intervention.【Results】After nursing intervention,the SSA score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group,the score of quality of life was significantly higher than that of the control group,and the incidence of choking and aspiration pneumonia was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).【Conclusion】After passing the food flow test,the reasonable use of food grading system can significantly improve the swallowing function and quality of life of patients,reduce the probability of adverse reactions caused by dysphagia,and ensure the safety and effectiveness of eating.