宜昌地区817例泌尿系结石成分和发病特点分析

Composition and Characteristics of 817 Cases of Urinary Calculi in Yichang Area

目的:分析宜昌地区泌尿系结石患者的结石成分和发病特点。方法:收集我院近5年泌尿系结石标本817例,采用红外光谱分析法对其化学成分进行分析。结果:宜昌地区泌尿系结石成分中混合性结石占大多数,其中以一水草酸钙+二水草酸钙+碳酸磷灰石混合成分为主。所有泌尿系结石中草酸钙为主要成分。女性患者碳酸磷灰石和六磷酸铵镁结石占比高于男性(P<0.05),而一水草酸钙、二水草酸钙、无水尿酸、胱氨酸和其它结石成分则无明显性别差异(均P>0.05)。上下尿路结石比19.95∶1;泌尿系结石患者男女比例为2.46∶1,结石好发于40~59岁的患者。性别、年龄和年度与结石类型高度相关。结论:宜昌地区泌尿系结石好发于中年男性,发病部位主要为上尿路,以混合性结石为主,结石成分以草酸钙、碳酸磷灰石最常见。

Objective:To analyze the stone composition and pathogenesis characteristics of patients with urinary calculi in Yichang area.Methods:Stone specimen from 817 patients in our hospital from February 2015 to January 2020 were collected.The chemical constituents of stones were detected by infrared spectrometric analyzer.Results:The majority of urinary calculi in Yichang area were mixed calculi,with the main component of calcium oxalate monohydrate,calcium oxalate dihydrate and apatite carbonate mixture.Calcium oxalate was the main component in all urinary calculi.The proportion of apatite carbonate and magnesium hexaphosphate stones in female patients was higher than that in male patients(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in calcium oxalate monohydrate,calcium oxalate dihydrate,uric acid anhydrous,cystine and other stone components between the sexes(all P>0.05).The ratio of upper to lower urinary calculi was 19.95 to 1.The male to female ratio of patients with urinary calculi was 2.46 to 1.Calculi occurred most frequently in patients aged 40 to 59 years.Sex,age and year were highly correlated with stone type.Conclusion:Urological calculi in Yichang area tend to occur in middle-aged men,which are mainly mixed calculi in upper urinary tract,with most common components of calcium oxalate and apatite carbonate.