1927—1937年上海华界的卫生政策及其困境

Health Policy and Its Dilemma in the Chinese Controlled District in Shanghai 1927-1937

上海华界长期受租界影响,积累有大量卫生方面的经验。1928年,南京国民政府成立,华界大量颁布法规与布告,初步搭建了华界的卫生政策框架。但其后十年间,华界卫生方面仍有大量问题,主要为:因有大量的人口流动,死亡率仍居高不下;因犯罪成本的低廉,群众守法观念并不强烈;因缺乏对应的监管措施,公务人员的执法亦不到位。回顾曾经遭遇过的问题,对于当今构建后疫情时代卫生防控机制具有一定的参考价值。

Due to the long-term of influence of the International Settlement,the Chinese Controlled District in Shanghai had accumulated a lot of experience in public health. In 1928,the Nationalist Government was founded in Nanjing,and a large number of laws,regulations and notices were issued in the Chinese Controlled District in Shanghai,where the health policy framework was initially established. However,in the following decade,there were still a lot of health problems in the Chinese Controlled District in Shanghai,mainly including the high mortality due to the large number of flowing population,people’s lack of legal wareness as the result of low cost of crimes,lack of corresponding regulatory measures,and weak law enforcement by civil servants. Reviewing the problems once encountered has a certain reference value for the construction of health prevention and control mechanism in the post-Covid-19 epidemic era.