司法公信力的形塑:民意弥合与裁判说理

The Shaping of Judicial Credibility:Public Opinions and Reasoning

司法公信力的本质在于公众自发地信服与认可司法过程和结果。过度放大司法公开、公众参与的作用容易逾越法治的形式,在实质上以情理代替法理。司法走向专业化、精英化、职业化是提升司法质量与效率的必然,过分强调“融情于法”存在异化为“迎合民意”的危险,会加剧司法公信力的式微。裁判文书公开制度与指导性案例制度分别对增强裁判文书说理性起到倒逼和激励作用,但可能加剧防卫型司法现象。舆论狂欢的反面往往是以法官为代表的官方话语的集体性失语。司法公信力的形塑应当从对民意的迎合走向对民意的弥合,在个案中由法官通过裁判文书的法律说理与逻辑推演,使正义被看见。

The essence of judicial credibility lies in the public's spontaneous conviction and approval of the judicial process and results.Excessive enlargement of the role of judicial openness and public participation can easily go beyond the form of the rule of law,and in essence replace legal principles with reason.The professionalization,elitism,and professionalization of justice are inevitable to improve judicial quality and efficiency.Excessive emphasis on the danger of"melting love with the law"into"meeting public opinion"will aggravate the decline ofjudicial credibility.The disclosure system of judgment documents and the system of guiding cases play a role in compelling and stimulating the rationality of judgment documents respectively,but they may exacerbate the defensive judicial phenomenon.The opposite of public opinion carnival is often the collective aphasia of official discourse represented by judges.The shaping of judicial credibility should shift from catering to public opinion to reconciling public opinion.In individual cases,the judge passes the legal reasoning and logical deduction of the judgment document,so that justice can be seen.