不同地区寒富苹果产量品质变化及其发展趋势——以中国知网、Nature和Springer等数据库文献为依据

Analysis of Yield and Quality Change and Development Trend of Hanfu Apple Planted in Different Areas——Based on CNKI, Nature, Springer and Other Databases

通过数据库文献检索,查找自寒富苹果育成以来,有关寒富苹果的产量及果实品质报道的参考文献数据,总结寒富苹果产量及品质的变化规律,并分析产生原因,提出有利于实现寒富苹果节本、提质和增效的发展方案。结果分析表明,随着寒富苹果栽植面积扩大和栽培技术体系的完善与提升,全国平均单产和单果重均呈逐年上升趋势,但果实品质却有下降趋势。在不同栽培区域中,辽宁省葫芦岛地区的平均单产最高,且各果园之间差异较小。阜新地区生产的寒富苹果硬度最大,更耐贮;内在品质方面以甘肃省平凉地区寒富苹果可溶性固形物含量最高,甘肃定西地区寒富苹果可溶性总糖含量最高,这可能与甘肃当地适宜栽植的自然气候条件有较大关系。另外,即使同一省份同一地区,不同果园之间也存在较大差异,可能与大部分果农片面追求产量效益或在非适宜区栽植有关。因此,为实现寒富苹果节本提质增效发展,应该提升免套袋等新技术研发能力,建设高品质现代化生态果园;针对寒富苹果特性加快开发深加工产品,延长产业链条;实施多元化寒富苹果生产,助力新时代乡村振兴战略实施。

Through the database literature retrieval, the related reference data of the reports on the yield and fruit quality of Hanfu apple since the cultivation of Hanfu apple were searched, and the variation law of the yield and quality of Hanfu apple was summarized, and the causes were analyzed. Meanwhile, the development plan of saving cost, improving quality and increasing efficiency of Hanfu apple was put forward. The results showed that with the expansion of Hanfu apple planting area and the improvement of cultivation technology system,the average yield per unit area and fruit weight of Hanfu apple increased year by year, while the fruit quality decreased. The average yield per unit area in Huludao of Liaoning Province was the highest in different cultivated areas, and the difference between the orchards was small. The Hanfu apple produced in Fuxin area had the highest hardness and better storage resistance. In terms of internal quality, the soluble solid content of Hanfu apples in Pingliang area of Gansu Province was the highest, and the soluble total sugar content of Hanfu apples in Dingxi area of this Province was the highest, which might be related to the suitable natural climatic conditions for planting in Gansu. In addition, even in the same region of the same province, there are great differences between different orchards, which may be related to the one-sided pursuit of yield benefits by most fruit growers or planting in unsuitable areas. Therefore, in order to achieve the development of saving cost, improving quality and increasing efficiency of Hanfu apple, it is necessary to enhance the research and development ability of Hanfu apple industry and build a high-quality modern ecological orchard. It is also of great significance to extend the Hanfu apple industry chain by accelerating the development of Hanfu apple deep processing products, and implement diversified production of Hanfu apples to boost the rural revitalization strategy in the new era.