功能化介孔二氧化硅在肿瘤诊疗一体化的应用进展

Application progress of functional mesoporous silica nanoparticles in tumor theranostics

肿瘤的诊疗一体化是一种将肿瘤的诊断和治疗集于一体的新技术,它的出现有望消除传统医疗模式中治疗滞后性的弊端,因而受到众多医药工作者的广泛关注。近年来,由于材料科学、纳米技术和生物学的交叉融合,促进了大量诊疗一体化平台的出现。其中介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子(MSNs)由于其具有良好的生物相容性、可调的孔径、高的载药量和易于修饰的表面,成为备受关注的纳米材料。介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子的骨架、中孔和最外层表面,都可以被不同功能团修饰,使其同时具备成像与治疗的功能,从而实现诊疗一体化。本文从有机功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子、无机功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子以及有机无机功能化介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子三个方面介绍了介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子在肿瘤诊疗一体化中的应用进展,为介孔二氧化硅纳米粒子在诊疗一体化中的临床应用提供参考。

Theranostics is a new technology that integrates the diagnosis and treatment,thus it is expected to eliminate hysteresisin the traditional medical model.In recent years,due to the integration of materials science,nanotechnology and biology,there emerge a large number of theranostics nano-platform.Among various nanomaterials,mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs)have been given serious attention due to their good colloidal stability,tunable pore sizes,extensive drug loading capacity and easily modified surface.The skeleton,mesopore and surface of MSNs can all be modified by different functional groups,enabling them to have imaging and treatment functions at the same time,so as to achieve the theranostics.In this review,we outline the application of MSNs in the field of tumor theranostics from three aspects:organic functional MSNs,inorganic functional MSNs and organic/inorganic functional MSNs,providing reference for the clinical application of functional MSNs as multifunctional theranostics nano-platform.