新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控下社区居民心理健康状况及相关因素

Mental health status and relevant factors among community residents during the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19

目的调查在新冠肺炎疫情常态化防控下社区居民的心理健康状况并分析其相关因素。方法本研究为横断面调查,采用滚雪球抽样法,于2020年8月28日-9月7日通过问卷星网络平台向居民发放调查问卷。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表(PHQ-9)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、失眠严重程度指数量表(ISI)及中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)评估居民的心理健康状况。结果476名居民抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状检出率分别为32.35%、21.22%、24.58%及48.74%。男性高水平压力症状检出率高于女性(χ^(2)=5.269),未婚、离异或丧偶居民的抑郁及焦虑症状检出率均高于已婚居民(χ^(2)=5.251、8.851),有心理服务需求的居民抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状检出率均高于无此需求的居民(χ^(2)=46.316、66.934、20.153、21.576),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或0.01)。相关分析显示,社区居民年龄与CPSS评分呈负相关(r=-0.171,P<0.01),睡眠时间与PHQ-9、GAD-7及ISI评分均呈负相关(r=-0.210、-0.247、-0.297,P均<0.01),关注疫情信息时长与ISI评分呈负相关(r=-0.097,P<0.05)。结论在疫情常态化防控下,居民的抑郁、焦虑、失眠及高水平压力症状仍较常见。男性和年轻居民更有可能出现高水平压力症状,睡眠时间短和有心理服务需求的居民更有可能出现抑郁、焦虑及失眠症状,关注疫情信息时长越短越有可能出现失眠症状。

Objective To explore the mental health status and relevant factors among community residents during the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19.Methods From August 28 to September 7,2020,an online cross sectional survey using snowball sampling was conducted among community residents via Wenjuanxing platform,and their mental health status were assessed using Patients'Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item(PHQ-9),Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item(GAD-7),Insomnia Severity Index(ISI)and Chinese Perceived Stress Scale(CPSS).Results Among the 476 community residents,the detection rates of depression,anxiety,insomnia and high perceived stress were 32.35%,21.22%,24.58%and 48.74%,respectively.In terms of gender,the detection rate of high perceived stress was higher in male than in female(χ^(2)=5.269);in terms of marital status,the detection rates of depression and anxiety among the unmarried,divorced or widowed residents was higher than those of the married residents(χ^(2)=5.251,8.851);in terms of mental health service status,the detection rates of depression,anxiety,insomnia and high perceived stress among residents with mental health service needs was higher than those among residents without the needs(χ^(2)=46.316,66.934,20.153,21.576),with statistical significance(P<0.05 or 0.01).Correlation analysis showed that the age of community residents was negatively correlated with CPSS score(r=-0.171,P<0.01),sleep duration was negatively correlated with PHQ-9,GAD-7 and ISI scores(r=-0.210,-0.247,-0.297,P<0.01),and time spent following news on COVID-19 per day was negatively correlated with ISI score(r=-0.097,P<0.05).Conclusion During the normalization stage of prevention and control of COVID-19,the majority of community residents experience the symptoms of depression,anxiety,insomnia and high perceived stress.Male and younger residents are more likely to experience high levels of perceived stress.Those with shorter sleep duration and needs for mental health services are more likely to experience symptoms of depression,anxiety and insomnia,and those with short time spent following news on COVID-19 are more likely to experience insomnia symptom.