直升机旋翼翼型需求分析及技术发展展望

Requirement analyses and technical prospects of helicopter rotor airfoils

与机翼翼型相比,旋翼翼型在前飞时来流速度和迎角处于大范围变化之中,需要针对多种气动环境进行综合权衡设计。针对常规直升机和新构型高速直升机,综合考虑多种飞行条件,分析了旋翼翼型设计的性能需求。总结了先进旋翼翼型系列的发展及应用情况,以OA和TsAGI翼型为例分析了旋翼翼型的气动性能特点和发展趋势。从旋翼翼型指标分解、动态气动特性计算与试验、气动优化设计等方面介绍了旋翼翼型技术的发展现状,并对未来旋翼翼型技术的发展进行了展望。

Compared with conventional fixed-wing airfoils,rotor airfoils have some particular characteristics.The angle-of-attack and velocity of rotor airfoils vary in a wide range during advancing flights,so the rotor airfoil design should make a comprehensive trade off.This article,which focuses on conventional and high-speed helicopters with new configurations,analyzes the design requirements of rotor airfoils under different flight conditions.The development and application of advanced rotor airfoils are also summarized.The characteristics and development trends of rotor airfoil aerodynamic performance are analyzed by taking OA and TsAGI airfoils for example.Moreover,the rotor airfoil technology development status is introduced from the aspects of rotor airfoil design criteria decomposition,dynamic aerodynamic characteristics computation and test,and aerodynamic optimization design.The future developing prospect of rotor airfoil technology is predicted at last.