基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术的肿节石斛生物碱研究

Study on alkaloids in the stems of Dendrobium pendulum based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

肿节石斛(Dendrobium pendulum)是兰科石斛属多年生附生植物,具有较高保健价值和药用潜力。生物碱是石斛的特征功能成分,本研究利用超高效液相色谱-四级杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术,研究了肿节石斛茎、花、叶中生物碱的成分和相对含量。通过甲醇法和氯仿法共表征出15个生物碱成分,分属三种类型,其中7个八氢中氮茚类生物碱:玫瑰石斛碱(1)、玫瑰石斛碱C(2)、玫瑰石斛胺(3)、玫瑰石斛啶碱(5)、玫瑰石斛碱B(8)、玫瑰石斛碱D(9)、玫瑰啶碱B(10);7个倍半萜类生物碱:石斛碱(4)、石斛胺碱(6)、石斛酮碱(7)、红星碱A(11)、N-异戊烯石斛星碱(12)、N-异戊烯石斛碱(13)、棒节碱D(14);1个酰胺类生物碱:N-p-桂皮酸酰酪胺(15)。该研究首次发现肿节石斛中生物碱存在,含量以八氢中氮茚类生物碱为主,以玫瑰石斛啶碱、玫瑰石斛碱B含量高。植株不同部位生物碱,由高到低依次为花、叶、茎。花中生物碱以八氢中氮茚类为主,茎中生物碱以倍半萜类为主。

Dendrobium pendulum Roxb.is a perennial epiphytic herb of Orchidaceae with high health and medicinal value,being rich in alkaloids.Component analysis and relative quantitative analysis of alkaloids were carried out by ultra-performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(Q-TOF-MS)from the stems,flowers and leaves of D.pendulum.Fifteen alkaloids were found and identified by methanol and chloroform extraction,in which seven compounds were octahydroindolizine alkaloids:dendrocrepine(1),dendrocrepine C(2),credidamine(3),crepidine(5),dendrocrepidine B(8),dendrocrepidine D(9),homocrepidine B(10);Seven compounds were sesquiterpene alkaloids:dendrobine(4),dendramine(6),nobiline(7),mubironine A(11),N-isopentenyl-dendroxine(12),N-isopentenyl-dendrobine(13),findlayines D(14);One amide alkaloid compound was N-p-cinnamoyl-tyramine(15).Alkaloids were firstly discovered from D.pendulum.The main alkaloids were octahydroindolizine alkaloids in D.pendulum,and the contents of crepidine and dendrocrepidine B were high.Alkaloids contents from high to low were flowers,leaves and stems in different parts of the plant.The alkaloids of flowers were mostly octahydroindolizine type,and the alkaloids of stems were mainly sesquiterpene type.