青海省住培医师焦虑现状及其影响因素研究

Anxiety status and its influencing factors of resident doctors in Qinghai Province

目的了解青海省住培学员焦虑现状及不同社会特征住培医师焦虑情况差异、探索影响住培医师焦虑水平的因素,以期在未来培训工作中对该群体进行有针对性的心理辅导及干预提供依据。方法结合Zung焦虑自评量表(SAS)和临床医师工作压力源表自行设计调查问卷,采用分层随机抽样方法对青海省3所综合医院住培医师进行调查。结果共回收有效问卷259份;研究对象焦虑总分均值为32.36±7.10,与全国常模比较青海省住培医师焦虑总分明显高于全国常模(t=12.26,P<0.05)。本研究对象标准分均值为42.41±9.99,焦虑检出率约为40.9%;其中轻度焦虑者占29.7%,中度焦虑为6.6%,重度焦虑为4.6%。65%的住培医师职业压力较大,平均职业压力总分为99.46±0.72,并且其职业压力源前3位分别为组织管理、职业兴趣及工作负荷;比较不同特征住培医师焦虑水平结果显示,不同年级、不同专业及不同培训身份的学员焦虑分值均存在统计学差异(P<0.05)。结果显示年级、专业及职业压力源中组织管理因素及工作负荷因素与住培医师焦虑水平存在正相关(P<0.05)。结论青海省住培医师焦虑现状高于全国正常人群,该群体职业压力也处于较高水平,压力来源主要集中在组织管理、职业兴趣及工作负荷等3个方面,住培教学管理部门今后应重视住培医师心理健康问题,建立健全住培医师心理健康教育体系,及时疏导住培医师焦虑情绪,减少住培医师心理问题发生。

Objective To understand the current status of anxiety among residents in Qinghai Province and the differences of anxiety in residents with different social characteristics. It explores the factors that affect the anxiety level of the residents and provides a basis for targeted psychological counseling and intervention in the training process. Methods A questionnaire combining the Zung’s Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and the clinician’s job stressor scale was designed for this research. The data from three general hospitals in Qinghai Province was collected with stratified random sampling method. Results Total of 259 valid questionnaires were collected. The average total anxiety score of the subjects was 32. 36 ± 7. 10, which was significantly higher than the national norm(t = 12. 26, P<0. 05). The average standard score of this research object was 42. 41±9. 99. The detection rate of anxiety was around 40. 9%;of which 29. 7% were mild anxiety, 6. 6% were moderate anxiety and 4. 6% were severe anxiety. The results showed that 65% of the residents had higher occupational stress, the average total score of occupational stress was 99. 46 ± 0. 72. The top three occupational stressors were management, professional interest and workload. Comparing the anxiety levels of residents with different characteristics, the results showed that the anxiety scores of residents with different grades, different majors and different training status were statistically different(P< 0. 05). The results of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between anxiety level and management factors, as well as workload factors in training status, grade, major and occupational stressors(P<0. 05). Conclusion The anxiety status of residents in Qinghai Province is higher than that of the national normal population. The occupational stress of this group is also at a relatively high level. The sources of stress are mainly concentrated in the management, occupational interest and workload. In the future, the teaching management department should pay attention to the mental health problems of residents, establish and improve the mental health education system of residents, and timely ease the anxiety of residents to reduce the occurrence of psychological problems of residents.