激光精密测距技术进展

Laser Precision Ranging Technology

随着科学技术的发展和装备制造业的进步,人们对距离测量技术提出了更高的要求,特别是在大型精密机械制造和航空航天等领域,快速、准确地距离测量已成为科学实验和工业生产控制中至关重要的一步。据此,文章回顾了现有的激光精密测距技术,介绍了脉冲飞行时间法、相位法、多波长干涉法、调频连续波法、飞秒光频梳法等绝对距离测量技术,以及激光三角法、激光干涉仪、自混合干涉法等相对距离测量技术,对工作原理、技术特点、应用范围和最新研究进展进行了汇总。

With the development of scientific technology and the continuous progress of the manufacturing industry, the demand for distance measurement accuracy is increasing rapidly. Fast and accurate distance measurement has become a crucial step in scientific experiments and industrial production control. In this regard, the existing laser precision ranging technology has been reviewed, including the absolute distance measurement of time-of-flight method, phase shift method, multi-wavelength interferometry, frequency modulated continuous wave, femtosecond optical frequency comb, and the relative distance measurement of laser triangulation method, laser interferometry, self-mixing interferometry. The working principle, technical characteristic, application scope, and latest research progress have been introduced.