几种合金拉伸变形组织的原位观察

In situ observation of tensile deformation microstructure of several alloys

本文利用一种基于光学显微镜的原位拉伸测试方法,利用自主研发的光学显微镜原位拉伸平台,在室温下对低碳钢、45钢和316L奥氏体不锈钢进行了原位拉伸测试,直观地观察并记录了材料在拉伸变形过程中的典型组织变化,得到了可靠的力学性能数据。通过对形变量的修正,消除了系统刚度对材料弹性模量计算的影响,结合拉伸曲线展示了变形过程中的材料组织特征,分析了三种材料在拉伸过程中的组织变化和断裂机制。此测试方法对于理解材料拉伸过程中各个阶段的组织特征具有重要意义。

In this paper a kind of in-situ tensile test method based on optical microscope was used to perform in-situ tensile testing of low-carbon steel,45 steel and 316 L austenitic stainless steel at room temperature using a self-developed optical microscope in-situ tensile platform.The results of the materials on the tensile deformation in the process of a typical organizational change were visually observed and recorded.The mechanical properties of the reliable data were obtained.By correcting the deformation,the influence of the system stiffness on the calculation of elastic modulus of the material was eliminated.The microstructure characteristics of the material during the deformation process were shown by combining with the tensile curve.The microstructure changes and fracture mechanism of the three materials during the tensile process were analyzed.It is of great significance to understand the typical microstructure changes at each stage of the material stretching process.