内科风险护理及细节护理在老年COPD患者中的应用

Application of internal medicine risk nursing and detailed nursing in elderly patients with COPD

目的:探究内科风险护理及细节护理在老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患者中的应用效果。方法:将187例老年COPD患者按不同护理方式分为观察组(n=94)和对照组(n=93)。对照组实施常规护理干预措施,观察组在对照组的基础上实施内科风险护理及细节护理干预。干预前及干预3个月后,测定两组患者肺功能指标;采用西雅图慢性肺疾病调查问卷(SOLDQ)、简易疾病感知问卷(BIPQ)评估患者生活质量及疾病负性感知情况;采用家属照顾者照顾能力问卷(FCTI)评估两组家属照顾能力。结果:干预前,两组第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)、最大呼气流量(PEF)、SOLDQ、FCTI各项评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。干预3个月后,两组FEV1、FVC、MVV、PEF、SOLDQ各项评分均较干预前升高(P<0.05),且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);两组BIPQ、FCTI各项评分均较干预前下降(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:内科风险护理及细节护理在老年COPD患者中应用效果显著,可有效促进其肺功能,改善生活质量,亦可提高家属照护能力,降低患者疾病负性感知,具有一定的临床推广意义。

Objective:To explore the application effect of internal medicine risk nursing and detailed nursing on elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:187 elderly patients with COPD were divided into observation group(n=94)and control group(n=93)by different nursing methods.The control group received routine nursing intervention measure,and the observation group was given internal medicine risk nursing and detailed nursing intervention on the basis of the control group.Pulmonary function indicators of the two groups of patients were measured before intervention and after 3 months of intervention.Seattle Obstructive Lung Disease Questionnaire(SOLDQ)and Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire(BIPQ)were used to assess the quality of life and disease negative perception of patients,and Family Caregiver Task Inventory(FCTI)was applied to evaluate the the family care ability of the two groups.Results:Before intervention,there were no statistical differences in the forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),maximum ventilation volume per minute(MVV),peak expiratory flow(PEF)and scores of items of SOLDQ and FCTI between the two groups(P>0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the FEV1,FVC,MVV,PEF and scores of items of SOLDQ in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before intervention(P<0.05),and the above indicators of observation group were significantly higher than those of control group(P<0.05).The scores of items of BIPQ and FCTI were significantly reduced in the two groups compared to before intervention(P<0.05),and the scores of observation group were significantly lower than those of control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Internal medicine risk nursing and detailed nursing can have a significant application effect on elderly patients with COPD.And it can effectively improve the pulmonary function and quality of life,enhance the family care ability and reduce disease negative perception,with a certain clinical promotion significance.