养老机构老年人自评健康状况、抑郁状态及主观幸福感的相关性

Correlation between self-rated health status,depression and subjective well-being of the elderly in old-age institutions

目的了解丽水市养老机构老年人自评健康状况的现状, 并探讨其与抑郁状态及主观幸福感的相关性。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法选取研究对象, 应用老年人自评健康状况量表、抑郁自评量表、幸福度量表对养老机构老年人进行调查, 并应用Spearman相关、偏相关探讨养老机构老年人自评健康状况、抑郁状态及主观幸福感间的关系。结果 292位老年人中, 表示自己健康状况处于一般及以下者占40.1%, 好及以上者占59.9%, 其中非常好者占14.0%。养老机构老年人自评健康状况与经济满意度、当前生活满意度、睡眠质量、有无慢性病、养老机构服务满意度等有关(P<0.05)。无论控制变量与否, 养老机构老年人自评健康状况均与其主观幸福感呈显著正相关(P<0.001);在控制变量后, 养老机构老年人抑郁状态分别与自评健康状况、主观幸福感之间的相关性减弱, 且差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论丽水市养老机构老年人自评健康状况相对较差, 且受个体、养老机构等因素综合作用的影响。应采取针对性措施改善养老机构老年人的自评健康状况, 有助于提升其主观幸福感。

Objective To investigate the status quo of self-rated health status of the elderly in Lishui pension institutions,and explore its correlation with depression and subjective well-being.Methods Multistage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to select the participant,self-rated health status,self-rated depression scale and subjective well-being scale were used to investigate,Spearman correlation and partial correlation were used to analysis relationships among self-rated health status,self-rated depression status and subjective well-being of elderly people live in nursing homes.Results Among 292 elderly people,40.1%said their health status was fair or below,59.9%said their health status was good or above,and 14.0%said their health status was very good.There were significant differences in self-rated health status of elderly people in the aspects of self-rated variables,such as satisfaction of economic,current life satisfaction,quality of sleep,have chronic diseases or not,and satisfaction of service organization(P<0.05).Regardless of control variables,there was a significant positive correlation between the self-rated health status of the elderly and their subjective well-being(P<0.001).After controlling variables,the correlation between depression and self-rated health status and subjective well-being of the elderly in pension institutions was weakened,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusions The self-rated health status of the elderly in Lishui pension institutions is relatively poor,and affected by the comprehensive effects of individual pension institutions and other factors,targeted measures should be taken to improve the self-rated health status of the elderly in pension institutions,which is conducive to improving their subjective well-being.