学生译员英汉交替传译中的欧化现象及其认知成因:基于语料库的研究

Europeanization and its cognitive triggers in English-Chinese consecutive interpreting of novice interpreters:A corpus-based study

自英汉语言接触后,现代汉语受到英语的影响,改变了部分原有的语言规则,出现了欧化的语言变异现象。积极欧化"欧而能化",增强了汉语的表达能力和效果;消极欧化"欧而不化",反而影响汉语的通顺和简洁。欧化属于深层语义加工,能够在信息准确性、完整性和表达流畅性之外深入评价口译质量。本研究采用语料库方法对比分析了学生译员和职业译员英译汉的欧化现象,发现学生译员使用欧化用法的比率明显高于职业译员,具体表现在词法层面(动词名词化和"一量名"结构)和句法层面(过长的定语修饰成分和判断句)。本研究聚焦英汉语对,首次采用实证方法探讨口译教学和口译研究中的欧化问题,提出欧化现象的认知障碍主要来自源语理解及译语输出阶段。口译教学中应该引导学生区分积极和消极的欧化现象。

Europeanized expressions appear in Modern Chinese owning to its contact with English.Because of this contact,some rules have changed and some new language usages have appeared.Positive Europeanized expressions can improve the fluency and conciseness of Chinese but negative Europeanized expressions would have negative impact on it.Resulting from the deep semantic processing,Europeanization can serve as one of the metrics in interpreting quality assessment,apart from information completeness and fluency in delivery.Assisted by corpus,the present study explores the Europeanization in English-Chinese consecutive interpreting with "novice-expert paradigm".It is found that student interpreters tend to have more Europeanized expressions compared with expert interpreters.Specifically,at morphological level,the nominalization of verbs and the structure of "one + quantifier + noun" are more frequently rendered by student interpreters.Syntactically,there are more long attributives and copulative sentences in their translations.It is the very first time that Europeanization is examined empirically within the scope of interpreting studies and training,which is a specific language activity in English-Chinese translation and/or interpreting.Pedagogically,the identification between positive and negative Europeanization should be introduced in interpreting training.