中国共产党乡村文化建设的百年历程与基本经验

The Centennial Course and Basic Experience of the Rural Cultural Construction of the Communist Party of China

乡村文化建设是乡村建设的“根”与“魂”,也是巩固脱贫攻坚成果与乡村振兴相衔接的重要手段。中国共产党乡村文化建设在党的革命、建设和改革进程中,不断适应新形势、应对新挑战,肩负起时代所赋予的使命,不断将乡村优秀文化成果内化于乡村文化建设之中,唤醒农民的文化自觉、培育农民的文化意识、滋养农民的精神生活,树立乡村文明的乡风、良好的家风、淳朴的民风,持续推动乡村社会全面发展。回溯中国共产党乡村文化建设的百年历程,梳理、总结中国共产党百年乡村文化建设的主要成就和基本经验,将为新时代中国共产党乡村文化建设提供有益借鉴和参考。百年征程中,中国共产党乡村文化建设主要经历了新民主主义革命时期的初步探索、社会主义革命和建设时期的承续发展、改革开放和社会主义现代化建设时期的巩固完善以及中国特色社会主义新时代的守正创新四个历史阶段。中国共产党乡村文化建设在百年接续发展中取得了显著的成就,集中表现为农民文化素养不断提升、乡村公共文化服务设施基本建立、乡村现代文化产业蓬勃发展。中国共产党始终坚持因地制宜、传承创新,在推进乡村文化建设的百年历程中形成了诸多宝贵的历史经验。首先,坚持中国共产党的领导是开展乡村文化建设的前提条件;其次,秉持以农民为中心的理念是开展乡村文化建设的重要保证;再次,完善乡村公共文化服务体系是开展乡村文化建设的着力重心;最后,坚持与时俱进和守正创新是开展乡村文化建设的关键一环。矗立于新时代的历史方位,中国共产党要用社会主义先进文化为乡村文化建设“铸魂”,发挥文化在统一思想、凝聚人心、鼓舞士气上的独特作用,进一步处理好乡村文化建设中“供给与需求”“继承与发展”“冲突与融合”“引领与协同”的关系。回溯中国共产党百年乡村文化建设的历程,总结反思乡村文化建设的基本经验,为继续推进乡村文化建设、不断丰富农民文化生活、开展乡村振兴战略和繁荣新时代中国特色社会主义文化具有重要意义。

Rural cultural construction is not only the"root"and"soul"of rural construction,but also an important means to consolidate the achievements of poverty alleviation and Rural Revitalization.In the process of the Party's revolution,construction and reform,the rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China continues to adapt to the new situation,meet new challenges,shoulder the mission entrusted by the times,constantly internalize the excellent rural cultural achievements into the rural cultural construction,awaken the farmers'cultural consciousness,cultivate the farmers’cultural consciousness,nourish the farmers'spiritual life,and set up rural civilized local customs,good family style,simple folk customs and continue to promote the all-round development of rural society.Looking back on the centennial course of the rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China,combing and summarizing the main achievements and basic experience of the centennial rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China will provide useful reference for the rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China in the new era.In the hundred-year’s journey,the rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China has mainly experienced four historical stages:the preliminary exploration in the period of the new democratic revolution,the continuous development in the period of socialist revolution and construction,the consolidation and improvement in the period of reform and opening up and socialist modernization,and the integrity and innovation in the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics.The rural cultural construction of the Communist Party of China has made remarkable achievements in a century of continuous development,which is mainly reflected in the continuous improvement of farmers'cultural literacy,the basic establishment of rural public cultural service facilities and the vigorous development of rural modern cultural industry.The Communist Party of China has always adhered to adjusting measures to local conditions,inheriting and innovating,and has formed many valuable historical experiences in the 100 years’process of promoting rural cultural construction.First of all,adhering to the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the prerequisite for carrying out rural cultural construction.Secondly,adhering to the concept of farmers as the center is an important guarantee for the construction of rural culture.Thirdly,improving the rural public cultural service system is the focus of rural cultural construction.Finally,keeping pace with the times and innovation is the key to the construction of rural culture.Standing in the historical position of the new era,the Communist Party of China should use the advanced socialist culture to"cast the soul"for the construction of rural culture,give play to the unique role of culture in unifying ideas,rallying people's hearts and inspiring morale,and further deal with the relationship between"supply and demand","inheritance and development","conflict and integration"and"guidance and coordination"in the construction of rural culture.Looking back on the course of the CPC's rural cultural construction in the past century,summarizing and reflecting on the basic experience of rural cultural construction are of great significance for continuing to promote rural cultural construction,continuously enriching farmers'cultural life,carrying out Rural Revitalization Strategy and prospering socialist culture with Chinese characteristics in the new era.