新形势下的国际治理:区域转向与中国方略

International Governance under the New Situation:Regional Turnand China s Strategy

新形势下的国际治理实践正经历着区域化的历史转向。国际治理的这种区域转向主要呈现出以下表征:传统国际秩序面临历史的重塑;旧式地缘政治思潮再次回流;地区性热点问题持续升温发酵;国际治理主体出现区域化整合迹象以及区域性国际组织的作用开始凸显。这些表征背后的深层动力主要是:西方的国际治理理念出现失语,导致传统的国际机制出现功能失调;大国间国际政治权力博弈裂变,致使全球治理机构的功能出现萎缩以及全球性议题增多且逐渐分散化,使得国际治理主体的构成更为多元,且呈现区域方向的向心化整合趋势等。理解国际治理的区域转向,则需要从安全和文化两个核心维度进行解读。鉴于中国当前的准全球性大国身份、中国周边日益严峻的安全环境、中国周边外交在整体外交布局中地位与分量的提升等因素,区域治理正在成为中国周边外交实践中的重要环节。但聚焦区域治理,并不意味着疏离全球治理。只是因为当前的全球治理困境和全球治理赤字主要是西方国家造成的,出于权责利平衡的考虑,当然需要西方大国继续承担全球层面国际治理的主要责任。从现实基础看,面对国际治理的区域转向,中国正以规则共商、制度共建、成效共享以及责任共担的理念推动这一新型国际实践。从未来动向看,大区域观逻辑驱动下的多层区域治理方案,正成为中国治理周边、经略周边的可行路径。唯有此,方能为构建周边命运共同体营造稳定可靠的区域秩序,也能为构建宏观层面的人类命运共同体奠定坚实基础。

The practice of international governance under the new situation is facing the historical turn of regionalization.This kind of regional turn of international governance mainly presents the following characteristics:the traditional international order faces the reconstruction in history;the return of the old geopolitical trend of thought;the continuous warming of regional hot issues;the signs of regional integration of the main body of international governance and the role of regional international organizations begin to stand out.The deep impetus behind these representations is that the western idea of international governance appears aphasia,which leads to the functional maladjustment of the traditional international mechanism,the fission of the international political power game between big powers,the shrinking of the functions of the global governance institutions and the increasing and decentralization of the global issues so that the composition of the main body of international governance is more pluralistic and presents the trend of regional integration.To understand the regional turn of international governance needs to be interpreted from the two dimensions of security and culture.Given China s current status as a quasi-global power,the increasingly severe security environment around China,and the promotion of the status and weight of China s peripheral diplomacy in the overall diplomatic layout,regional governance has inevitably become an important link in China s peripheral diplomacy.But focusing on regional governance does not mean alienating global governance.Considering the dilemma of current global governance and the global governance deficit are mainly caused by the western countries,from the perspective of the balance of power and responsibility,of course,the western powers need to continue to undertake the main responsibility of international governance at the global level.