天然杀伤细胞来源外泌体运载紫杉醇的抗肿瘤作用研究

Study on the antitumor effect of paclitaxel transported by natural killer cell-derived exosomes

目的探索自然杀伤细胞来源的外泌体(NK-Exos)运载紫杉醇(PTX)的抗肿瘤作用。方法用超高速离心法分离NK-Exos,用电穿孔法构建PTX-NK-Exos系统。将人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞分为空白组、模型组、对照组和实验组。空白组置于普通DMEM培养基进行培养;模型组置于含40μmol·mL^(-1)NK-Exos的DMEM培养基进行培养;对照组置于含15μg·mL^(-1)PTX的DMEM培养基进行培养;实验组置于含0.2 mol·mL^(-1)PTX-NK-Exos(PTX载药量为15μg·mL^(-1))的DMEM培养基进行培养。用噻唑蓝法和流式细胞仪分别检测MCF-7细胞的增殖和凋亡情况。结果实验组、对照组、模型组和空白组的MCF-7细胞活力(光密度值)分别为(47.56±8.17)%,(62.55±6.32)%,(98.97±2.73)%和(100.00±1.21)%,细胞凋亡率分别为(43.36±6.92)%,(35.28±6.21)%,(7.11±3.55)%和(7.21±2.85)%。实验组的上述指标与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论PTX-NK-Exos比直接使用PTX能更有效地抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡,从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。

Objective To explore the anti-tumor effect of natural killer cell-derived exosomes(NK-Exos)carrying paclitaxel(PTX).Methods The NK-Exos was separated by ultra-high-speed centrifugation,and the PTX-NK-Exos system was constructed by electroporation.The human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were divided into blank,model,control and experimental groups.The blank group was cultured with ordinary DMEM medium;the model group was cultured in DMEM medium containing 40μmol·mL^(-1)NK-Exos,and the control group was cultured with DMEM medium containing 15μg·mL^(-1)PTX;the experimental group was cultured in DMEM medium containing 0.2 mol·mL^(-1)PTX-NK-Exos(PTX drug loading was 15μg·mL^(-1)).The thiazole blue method and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of MCF-7 cells.Results MCF-7 cell viabilities(optical density value)of the experimental,control,model and blank groups were(47.56±8.17)%,(62.55±6.32)%,(98.97±2.73)%and(100.00±1.21)%,the apoptosis rates were(43.36±6.92)%,(35.28±6.21)%,(7.11±3.55)%and(7.21±2.85)%,respectively.The above indicators of the experimental group were compared with the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion PTX-NK-Exos can inhibit tumor cell proliferation and induce tumor cell apoptosis more effectively than directly using PTX,thereby exerting anti-tumor effects.