超高速撞击球形压力容器后壁损伤破坏试验研究

Tests for damage and failure of rear wall of spherical pressure vessel under hypervelocity impact

应用二级轻气炮发射球形铝合金弹丸撞击充气球形压力容器,研究球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏模式及气体压力和弹丸撞击速度对后壁损伤破坏效应的影响。根据试验结果将后壁的损伤破坏模式分为三类,其中撕裂模式是超高速撞击充气压力容器所特有的损伤破坏模式。以后壁的损伤破坏程度和损伤破坏范围作为特征参数,通过考察气体压力和弹丸速度与以上特征参数的关系来获得二者对后壁的损伤破坏影响。结果表明:在后壁未撕裂的前提下内充气体压力的增加均可使后壁的损伤破坏程度和范围降低,即增加内充气体压力可减缓球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏;当其余参数不变时,随着弹丸速度的增加,球形压力容器后壁的损伤破坏程度和范围均呈现先加剧、后减弱、又加剧的趋势。

Here,a two-stage light gas gun was used to launch a spherical Aluminum alloy projectile to impact an inflatable spherical pressure vessel to study damage and failure mode of rear wall of the spherical pressure vessel and influences of gas pressure and projectile impact velocity on rear wall’s damage and failure effect.According to test results,damage and failure modes of rear wall were divided into 3 kinds,the tearing mode was the unique damage and failure mode of hypervelocity impact inflatable pressure vessel.The damage degree and damage range of rear wall were taken as characteristic parameters,and influences of gas pressure and projectile velocity on damage and failure of rear wall were obtained by investigating relations among gas pressure,projectile velocity and characteristic parameters.The results showed that when rear wall is not torn,increase in inner gas pressure can reduce damage degree and rang of rear wall,i.e.,to increase inner gas pressure can slow down damage and failure of rear wall of the spherical pressure vessel;when the other parameters remain unchanged,with increase in projectile velocity,damage degree and rang of rear wall of the spherical pressure vessel reveal the trend of firstly aggravating,then weakening,and aggravating again.