混合共同担保人内部追偿权之制度检视——基于债务人信用的视角

Review of the Internal Recourse of Mixed Joint Sureties——From the perspective of debtor’s credit

对于混合共同担保人内部追偿权问题是采用"肯定说"还是"否定说"的争论从物权法时代一直持续到民法典时代,然而基于法教义学的纯粹法学分析是无法得到满足市场需求的结论的,对于混合共同担保人内部追偿权争议的平息应该基于担保制度之基本功能作为出发点来探讨,核心是对于债务人信用的坚定保障,最后落脚到民事法律的基本价值来检验,以债务人信用为衡量标准的兼顾"肯定说"与"否定说"的双轨化追偿规则既契合以保障债务人信用为核心的制度功能,又能够做到不抵触民法基本原则的基本价值。然而随着市场经济的不断发展,担保功能需求的丰富化,修正化的"否定说"即原则上采"否定说"的同时对于有违公平原则的案例采"肯定说"的方案更有利于当前争议的解决。

The debate on whether to adopt the " positive theory" or " negative theory" on the internal re-course right of mixed joint sureties has been lasted from the era of property law to the era of civil code.However, the pure legal analysis based on Legal dogma cannot get the conclusion to meet the market de-mand. The settlement of the dispute over the internal recourse right of the mixed joint sureties should bediscussed based on the basic function of the guarantee system;the core is the firm guarantee of the debtor’s credit. Finally, it should be tested by the basic value of civil law, that is, the debtor’s credit is takenas the measurement standard, and the dual track recovery rule of " positive theory" and " negative theory" not only conforms to the system function with the protection of the debtor’s credit as the core, but alsodoes not conflict with the basic value of the basic principles of civil law. However, with the continuousdevelopment of market economy and the enrichment of guarantee function demand, the revised " negativetheory" is to adopt the " negative theory" in principle, and apply the " positive theory" for the cases thatviolate the equity principle, which is more conducive to the settlement of current disputes.