快速谱峭度结合阶次分析滚动轴承故障诊断

Improved Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing by Fast Kurtogram and Order Analysis

针对变速齿轮箱振动信号非平稳、强干扰及信号调制等特征,导致滚动轴承故障难以精确诊断,提出了融合快速谱峭度的滚动轴承故障包络阶次谱诊断方法。采用快速谱峭度自适应确定滤波参数,对时域信号进行带通滤波和包络以提高信噪比,将包络后时域非平稳信号重采样后转换为角域伪平稳信号,消除"频率模糊",对角域包络信号频谱分析得到阶次包络谱,根据阶次特征对比实现滚动轴承故障诊断,完成了从600~1 500 r/min升速过程中齿轮箱滚动轴承外圈故障的模拟与信号分析实验。结果表明,所提出的方法故障特征阶次最大误差为1.84%,能够有效提取变速工况下滚动轴承故障特征并判定其类型。

For the variable speed condition,the vibration signal of the gearbox is characterized by non-stationary,strong interference and signal modulation,which make the rolling bearing fault difficult to be accurately diagnosed.Therefore,a fault envelope order spectrum analysis method with fast kurtogram for rolling bearings is proposed.The fast kurtogram is used to adaptively determine the filtering parameters,meanwhile,the time domain signal is bandpass filtered and enveloped to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.Furthermore,the time domain non-stationary signal after the envelope is resampled and converted into an angular pseudo-stationary signal to eliminate the“frequency ambiguity”.Finally,the spectral analysis of envelope signal in the angular domain is used to obtain the order envelope spectrum,and the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing is realized by comparing with order features.The simulation and signal analysis experiments of the outer ring fault of the gearbox rolling bearing during the speed increases from 600~1 500 r/min are completed.The experiment results show that the proposed method has a maximum fault error order of 1.84%,which can effectively extract the fault characteristics of rolling bearings under variable speed conditions and judge the fault types of them.