转炉铜锍吹炼终点判断仿真研究

Simulation study on determining the end time of copper matte converting

转炉铜锍吹炼终点判断多以烟气、火焰、喷溅物及样钎状态为依据,这种判断方法受操作员个人主观因素居多,易导致欠吹或过吹情况发生。METCAL系统可依据质量平衡、热平衡和元素平衡三大体系搭建全流程工艺数学模型,通过对过程参数进行分析和计算,控制吹炼过程中的冷料添加量和添加时机,实现对造渣终点和造铜终点的判断。本文详细阐述了模型的构建过程及误差处理方法,修正后的仿真模型结果显示造渣期判断误差可控制在±5%以内,而且造渣期对应的Cu_(2)S中Fe含量和粗铜中S含量均符合要求。应用实践表明,该模型对指导铜锍吹炼终点判断起到了有效的辅助作用,后期可通过大数据的积累进一步提高铜锍吹炼终点判断仿真模型判断精准度。

The end time of copper matte converting is usually determined on the basis of the status of off gas,fire,splashed matter,and detecting rods.Such determination is largely based on the operator’s subjective opinion,which could lead to under-converting or over-converting.A mathematical model can be established of the whole converting process through the METCAL system using mass balance,heat balance and elemental balance.By analyzing and calculating process parameters and controlling the quantity and timing of cold charge,the end time of slagging and copper production can be determined.The paper describes in detail the process of establishing the model and treating errors;the modified simulation model indicates that the error of determining the end of the slag-forming period can be controlled within ±5%,and that the level of Fe in Cu_(2)S and S in blister copper both comply with the quality requirements.Real practice has shown that the model provided useful information for determining the actual ending of copper matte converting.With growing amounts of data,the prediction accuracy of the model can be further improved.