有色金属行业含砷固废资源化探索

Exploration on resource recovery of arsenic containing solid waste in nonferrous metal industry

我国砷矿资源储量丰富,但大多属于共生矿和伴生矿,在长期开发过程中,开采出的大部分伴生(共生)砷资源进入了尾矿和冶炼渣中,由于砷对环境及人身健康构成较大危害,一般采用无害化手段进行处理。在当下矿冶利润偏薄情况下,继续通过追加无害化处理成本的方法可行性不强,资源化是未来解决含砷固废的方向。本文对目前我国含砷固废的资源化现状、相关政策及含砷高附加值材料概况进行了阐述,并对含砷固废资源化的工艺和部分企业的生产应用情况进行了介绍,指出除环境因素外,未来含砷材料需求的增长和对高纯砷的进口依赖,以及国家资金和政策方面的支持为未来国内矿山和冶炼企业实现含砷固废资源化提供了契机。

China is rich in arsenic reserves,but most of these are of paragenetic and associated minerals.In actual processing,the majority of these minerals goes into tailings and metallurgical residue/slag.As arsenic poses a great threat to environment and human health,usually some neutralization treatment is needed.With decreasing profits in the mining and metallurgical industries,neutralization is becoming less feasible economically,and turning arsenic solid wastes into useful resources is a promising trend.The paper begins with an overview of the current utilization of arsenic-bearing solid wastes in China,of related policies and arsenic materials of high added value,then describes the processes of arsenic recycling and related applications.The paper concludes that,apart from increasing environmental pressure,an increasing demand for arsenic-bearing materials,the reliance on importation of high purity arsenic,and governmental support in finance and polices altogether will usher in a promising future for the utilization of arsenic-bearing solid wastes.