《戏为六绝句》系年新考

A New Textual Research on the Writing Year of“A Playful Quatrain”

《戏为六绝句》是杜甫诗学思想的代表作。它正式确立了“论诗诗”这一批评方式,在中国文学史上具有重要地位。传统认为此诗为上元二年(761)或宝应元年(762)所作。梳理杜甫行年及杜甫两川诗可知,此诗应作于广德二年(764),是杜甫评论严武幕府同僚的作品。《戏为六绝句》之“戏”,既表明试以绝句之体论诗的游戏、自谦之意,又将剑拔弩张的批评处理为放松随意的调侃之语。

“A Playful Quatrain”is a representative of Du Fu’s poetic thought.It formally established the criticism method of using the form of poem to criticize a poem,which is quite important in the history of Chinese literature.This poem was traditionally believed to be written in the second year of Shangyuan period(AD 761)or the first year of Baoying period(AD 762).However,a review of Du Fu’s travel year and Du Fu’s Dongchuan and Xichuan poems shows that it should be written in the second year of Guangde period(AD 764),and it was Du Fu’s commentary on the poems by his colleagues in Yanwu shogunate.“Playful”in“A Playful Quatrain”not only shows his modesty and casualty in using the quatrain style to criticize a poem,but also his attempts to dissolve seriousness of criticism in a teasing tone.