乳腺癌分子成像靶标及成像技术的临床应用进展

Advances in clinical application of molecular imaging targets and imaging techniques for breast cancer

随着分子成像技术的快速发展,越来越多的成像靶标被开发应用。乳腺癌的分子成像靶标大致可分为受体和代谢过程两大类。受体包括雌激素受体、孕激素受体、表皮生长因子受体、血管内皮生长因子受体、整合素受体等。此外,肿瘤特征也是开发肿瘤特异性示踪剂的对象。与正常细胞相比,肿瘤细胞的葡萄糖和胆碱代谢及DNA合成均增加。逃避细胞凋亡也是肿瘤细胞恶性生长的基本生理改变之一。这些特异的代谢过程也与受体一样可作为分子成像的靶标。本文就乳腺癌的特异分子靶标及各类靶标对应的成像方法的研究进展作一综述。

With the rapid development of molecular imaging technology,more and more imaging targets have been developed and applied.The imaging of specific molecular targets will contribute to the individualized diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients.According to the current studies,the molecular imaging targets of breast cancer can be divided into two categories:receptors and metabolic processes.Receptors include estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),human epidermal growth factor receptor2(HER2) and epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) receptor related to angiogenesis,integrin receptor family and so on.In addition,tumor characteristics are also targets of developing tumor-specific tracers.Glucose and choline metabolism,as well as DNA synthesis,increase in tumor cells when compared with normal cells.Avoiding apoptosis is also one of the basic cellular physiological changes in the malignant growth of tumor cells.These specific metabolic processes,like receptors,can also be used as targets for molecular imaging.This paper has reviewed the research advances in specific molecular targets and corresponding imaging methods for breast cancer.