饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对种鸽产蛋性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Dietary Black Soldier Fly(Hermetia illucens L.)Larvae Meal on Laying Performance,Egg Quality and Serum Biochemical Indices of Breeding Pigeons

本试验旨在探究饲粮中添加黑水虻幼虫粉对青年种鸽产蛋性能、蛋品质和血清生化指标的影响。试验选取96对产蛋状况一致、健康的7月龄青年种鸽,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复4对种鸽。在青年种鸽饲粮中分别添加0(对照组)、0.5%、1.0%和1.5%黑水虻幼虫粉。预试期1周,正试期11周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,1.0%组种鸽产蛋数显著提高(P<0.05);1.5%组种鸽平均蛋重显著提高(P<0.05);各剂量组种鸽料蛋比均显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对青年种鸽的平均日采食量和产蛋间隔无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)与对照组相比,0.5%组哈氏单位显著提高(P<0.05);各剂量组蛋白高度均显著升高(P<0.05);1.0%组蛋壳重显著提高(P<0.05);1.0%和1.5%组蛋清重显著提高(P<0.05);1.5%组蛋黄颜色显著提高(P<0.05);饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对鸽蛋的蛋形指数、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋黄重及蛋壳颜色均无显著影响(P>0.05)。3)与对照组相比,0.5%和1.0%组鸽蛋粗脂肪含量显著降低(P<0.05);饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对鸽蛋粗蛋白质和粗灰分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)与对照组相比,0.5%组种鸽血清总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)和球蛋白(GLO)含量均显著提高(P<0.05);0.5%和1.0%组种鸽血清总胆固醇(TC)含量显著降低(P<0.05);1.5%组种鸽血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著降低(P<0.05);1.0%和1.5%组种鸽血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著降低(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加一定剂量的黑水虻幼虫粉可以提高青年种鸽的产蛋性能,改善蛋品质和血清生化指标。综合考虑,黑水虻幼虫粉添加剂量为1.0%的饲喂效果相对最好。

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of dietary black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens L.)larvae meal on laying performance,egg quality and serum biochemical indices of young breeding pigeons.A total of 96 pairs healthy 7-month-old young breeding pigeons with the same egg production were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 4 pairs pigeons per replicate.The young breeding pigeons were fed the diets added with 0(control group),0.5%,1.0% and 1.5% black soldier fly larvae meal,respectively.The preliminary experiment lasted for 1 week and the formal experiment lasted for 11 weeks.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,the egg number was significantly increased in 1.0%group(P<0.05);the average egg weight was significantly increased in 1.5% group(P<0.05);the feed/egg(F/E)was significantly decreased in each experimental group(P<0.05);however,black soldier fly larvae meal in diet did not significantly affect average daily feed intake(ADFI)and laying interval of young breeding pigeons(P>0.05).2)Compared with the control group,the Haugh unit was significantly increased in 0.5%group(P<0.05);the albumen height was significantly increased in each experimental group(P<0.05);the egg shell weight was significantly increased in 1.0% group(P<0.05);the albumen weight was significantly increased in 1.0% and 1.5% groups(P<0.05);the yolk color was significantly increased in 1.5% group(P<0.05);however,black soldier fly larvae meal in diet did not significantly affect egg shell index,egg shell thickness,egg shell strength,yolk weight and egg shell color of pigeon egg(P>0.05).3)Compared with the control group,the content of crude lipid in pigeon egg was significantly decreased in 0.5% and 1.0% groups(P<0.05);however,black soldier fly larvae meal in diet did not significantly affect the contents of crude protein and ash in pigeon egg(P>0.05).4)Compared with the control group,the serum of total protein(TP),albumin(ALB)and globulin(GLO)contents were significantly increased in 0.5% group(P<0.05);the serum cholesterol(TC)content was significantly decreased in 0.5% and 1.0% groups(P<0.05);the serum lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)content was significantly decreased in 1.5% group(P<0.05);the serum alanine transaminase(ALT)activity was significantly decreased in 1.0% and 1.5% groups(P<0.05).These results suggest that dietary black soldier fly larvae meal may improve the laying performance,egg quality and serum biochemical indices of young breeding pigeons.Comprehensive consideration,the suitable dietary black soldier fly larvae meal supplemental level is 1.0%.