数据信托的渊源、价值与适用

The Origin,Value and Application of Data Trust

数据信托是信托制度与互联网经济的融合产物,对数据治理具有重要意义。本文在分析现实需求与法理基础的前提下,通过厘清数据信托的内涵和把握其价值的独特表现,发现数据信托在我国存有一定的适用空间。因此,数字化背景下可将信托原理融入数据保护,即在法律化信托标的、信托范围的基础上,以信义义务作为数据信托的逻辑核心,以数据主体和数据控制人为信托的共同受益人,重构双方权力结构失衡、举证责任错配的体系现状,从而达到数据保护与责任规则的对接目的。

Data trust is a fusion product of the trust system and the Internet economy,which is of great significance to data governance.Based on the analysis of actual needs and legal basis,this paper traces the root causes,clarifies the concept of data trust,grasps the unique performance of its value,and finds that data trust has a certain application space in China.Therefore,in the context of digitalization,the principles of trust can be integrated into data protection,that is,on the basis of the legalized trust subject and scope of the trust,the fiduciary duty is the logical core of the data trust,and the data subject and the data controller are the common beneficiaries of the trust.In the meanwhile,reconstruct the current situation of the imbalance of the power structure of the two parties and the mismatch of the burden of proof,so as to achieve the purpose of docking data protection and liability rules.