九峰山不同林分类型生态恢复植被-土壤系统耦合关系评价

Coupling Relationship between Vegetation and Soil System in Ecological Restoration of Different Stand Types in Jiufeng Mountain

为了解九峰山不同人工林分植物与土壤之间的相互作用,该研究选取了侧柏、柠条、长梗扁桃、山杨、虎榛子、黄刺玫样地以及撂荒地为研究对象,通过对不同人工林的植被调查和土壤样品采样,建立了5个植被因子和7个土壤因子的2层次指标体系,采用层次分析法确定各因子权重,构建不同人工林分类型生态恢复植被-土壤耦合协调模型,为九峰山生态恢复过程中植被和土壤之间相互作用的机制提供理论依。结果表明:不同人工林分类型的植被指标层除Shannon-wiener指数外,其余指标在不同林分间均存在显著差异性(P<0.05);土壤指标层中除土壤含水率与土壤全钾外,其余指标在不同林分间均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);通过耦合协调关系评价发现,不同人工林分的耦合度和耦合协调度并不一一对应,植被与土壤的综合指数在不同人工林分类型中的位置也并不完全一致,虽然通过长时间的人工造林,对生态恢复起到了一定作用,但不同林分的植被土壤耦合协调状况并未达到理想状态,土壤的发展状况整体优于植被发展状况,其中柠条具有较高的植被指数0.2226、虎榛子具有较高的土壤指数0.3866;耦合协调关系评价具体表现为柠条(0.4985)为濒临失调衰退类植被土壤共损型,侧柏(0.4398)、虎榛子(0.4277)、山杨(0.4197)以及长梗扁桃(0.4171)为濒临失调衰退类土壤损益型,黄刺玫(0.3943)为轻度失调衰退类土壤损益型,撂荒地(0.2970)为中度失调衰退类土壤损益型,整体上呈现不同程度的失调衰退类。综上,柠条较其他人工林分能够较好的改善植被—土壤系统中植被恢复与土壤环境的耦合协调性,提高生态恢复效益。

To understand the interaction between vegetation and soil among different forest plantation stands located at Jiufeng Mountain,the study selected the sample land and abandoned land with Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco,Caragana korshinskii Kom.,Amygdalus pedunculata Pall,Populus davidiana Dode,Ostryopsis davidiana Decaisne,Rosa xanthina Lindl as the research objects,and established the two-level index system of five vegetation factors and seven soil factors through the investigation of vegetation and soil samples of different forest plantations.The weight of each factor was determined by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP),and the vegetation-soil coupling coordination model for ecological restoration of different genres of forest plantation stands was constructed,which provided a theoretical basis for the interaction mechanism between vegetation and soil during the ecological restoration of Jiufeng Mountain.The results showed that there were significant differences in vegetation index layer among different stand types(P<0.05),except for the Shannon-Wiener index;and there were significant differences in soil index layer among different stands(P<0.05),except soil moisture content and soil total potassium.The coupling coordination evaluation demonstrated that the coupling and coupling coordination degree of different forest plantation stands did not correspond directly to each other;the composite indexes of vegetation and soil in different forest stand types were not completely consistent.Although the forest plantation for a long period of time contributed to ecological recovery to a certain degree,the coupling coordination of vegetation and soil in different forest plantation stands did not reach the ideal state.The development of soil was better than that of vegetation.Caragana korshinskii Kom.showed a higher vegetation index 0.2226,and Ostryopsis davidiana Decaisne presented a higher soil index 0.3866.The evaluation of coupling coordination relationship demonstrated different degrees of disorder and recession overall.Specifically,Caragana korshinskii Kom.(0.4985)showed disorder and recession with both vegetation and soil loss;Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco(0.4398),Ostryopsis davidiana Decaisne(0.4277),Populus davidiana Dode(0.4197)and Amygdalus pedunculata Pall(0.4171)showed disorder and recession with soil loss;Rosa xanthina Lindl.(0.3943)presented mild disorder and recession with soil loss,and abandoned land(0.2970)presented moderate disorder and recession with soil loss.In conclusion,Caragana korshinskii Kom.can better improve the coupling coordination between vegetation restoration and soil environment in the vegetation-soil system than other forest plantation stands and enhance the benefits of ecological restoration.