英国碳市场建设及英国石油公司碳资产管理启示

Elightment of UK Emission Trading Scheme and carbon asset management of bp p.l.c.

英国是全球首个建立碳市场的国家,随着英国脱欧,其碳市场在加入欧盟碳市场16年后,也于2021年5月脱离欧盟碳市场独立运作。分析英国碳市场与欧盟碳市场的异同点,从碳价及市场调控机制、碳市场与电力市场衔接、促进可再生能源发展等方面,探讨英国碳市场建设经验,并总结英国石油公司碳资产管理相关经验。建议中国碳市场设定柔性价格控制机制,考虑低碳转型为目标的市场政策设计,促进清洁能源发展竞争,建立完善碳价与电价传导机制;中国的石油企业主动适应和参与国家碳市场建设,更加重视碳资产管理,健全完善碳排放管理体系,强化碳资产管理能力建设,加快推动低碳转型。

The UK is the first country in the world to establish an emission trading scheme(ETS),and it joined the EU-ETS in 2005.After 16 years,the UK-ETS was formally established in May 2021 and operates independently instead of the EU-ETS following the Brexit.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences between the UK-ETS and the EU-ETS,discusses the construction experience of UK-ETS from the aspects of carbon price and market regulation mechanism,the connection between the ETS and the electricity market,and promote on of the renewable energy development,and studies bp’s carbon asset management experience.It is suggested that China’s ETS should set up a flexible price control mechanism,fully consider the design of market policies,promote the development and competition of clean energy,and gradually establish and improve the coordination mechanism of carbon price and electricity price.China’s oil companies should take the initiative to adapt and participate in the construction of the national ETS,pay more attention to carbon asset management,improve the carbon emission management system,strengthen the capacity building of carbon asset management,and accelerate the low-carbon transformation.