新制度经济学视角下的数字平台规制

Digital Platform Regulation From the Perspective of New Institutional Economics

从交易成本的角度来看,数字平台兴起的进步意义在于降低了传统经济中普遍的社会交易成本,重塑了总流通过程。基于产权理论分析,由于围绕数字平台的权利和义务关系不够明确,平台沉淀下来的数据产权不明晰,风险承担和收益回报不成比例,造成了数字平台变相获取“超额租金”以及无序扩张的局面。为应对数字平台存在的问题,政府必须转变监管理念,从良善的制度变迁层面来考虑,采取经济规制、社会规制和反垄断等多种手段,因势利导来加强对数字平台的治理。

From the perspective of transaction cost,the significance of the rise of digital platform lies in reducing the common social transaction cost in traditional economy and reshaping the total circulation process.Based on the theory of property rights,due to the unclear relationship between rights and obligations around the digital platform,the unclear property rights of the data deposited by the platform,and the disproportionate risk-taking and return,the situation of"excessive rent"and disorderly expansion of the digital platform is caused.In order to deal with the problems of digital platform,the government must change the regulatory concept,consider from the perspective of good institutional change,take economic regulation,social regulation and anti-monopoly and other means to strengthen the governance of digital platform.