术语学视域下的术语标准化

Terminology Standardization from Perspective of Terminologists

传统术语学的基本观点是“概念先于名称”。术语工作具有规定性、共时性的特点,其主要任务是对术语进行人为干预,达到术语的标准化。随着术语学的发展,“从概念出发”的论调遭到后世术语学家的诟病,他们对术语标准化提出了批评,并从文化、交流、认知角度进行了研究。术语标准化的主要问题是术语的单义性要求和人文社科术语的标准化。中医术语呈现极鲜明的人文性,解决术语单义性要求的问题和人文社科术语标准化的问题有利于中医术语标准化的顺利开展。

The basic idea of traditional terminology is“concept prior to its designation”.Terminology work has the characteristics of prescriptiveness and synchronicity and its main task is to carry out human intervention on terminology,so as to achieve the standardization of terminology.With the development of terminology,terminologists disapprove of the argument of“starting from concepts”and criticize terminology standardization.Instead,they studied terms from the perspectives of culture,communication and cognition.The problems encountered in terminology standardization mainly involve the requirement of monosemy for terms and the standardization of terms in fields of humanities and social sciences.Terminology of traditional Chinese medicine is distinctively humanistic.Solving the problems with monosemy and standardization of terms of humanities and social sciences is helpful for the terminology standardization of traditional Chinese medicine.