动机性访谈在牙周病患者临床管理中的应用进展

Research progress on motivational interviewing in the management of patients with periodontal disease

依从性不足的现象和后果始终是慢性病患者管理的重点和难点。传统健康教育是一种单向知识传播,患者通常在被动接受口头或书面的建议后短期内便放弃依从。以往的研究显示:基于跨理论模型的动机性访谈(MI)在不同领域内慢性病患者的健康管理以及行为改变方面展现出良好的干预效果。近几年来,这种低成本、低强度的心理学干预技术开始用于牙周病患者的健康管理。国外研究发现:MI在改善牙周病患者依从口腔卫生维护、戒烟等健康行为、心理满意度等方面展现出更长久的干预效果,具有良好的发展前景和社会价值。国内对于MI改善牙周病患者依从性方面的研究尚处于起步阶段,仍存在对其理论框架认识不足、具体实施过程存在局限等的问题。MI技术在国内的不断完善和推广,为口腔科医生在牙科实践中更好的进行患者健康管理提供了新思路。

The consequences of insufficient compliance are always the focus and challenge in the management of patients with chronic diseases.Traditional health education is one-way knowledge dissemination,and patients usually abandon compliance shortly after passively receiving verbal or written advice.Motivational interviewing based on cross-theoretical models shows good intervention effects on the health management and behavior change of patients with chronic diseases in different fields.This low-cost,low-intensity psychological intervention technique has been recently used for the health management of patients with periodontal disease.Foreign studies found that MI shows a lasting intervention effect on improving the compliance of patients with periodontal disease in oral hygiene maintenance,smoking cessation,and other health behaviors.This psychological satisfaction indicates good development prospects and social value.Domestic research on MI to improve compliance in patients with periodontal disease is still in its early stage and faces certain problems,such as the insufficient understanding of its theoretical framework and limitations in the specific implementation process.With continuous promotion in China,MI provides a new psychological intervention in dental environment.