灌浆期干旱胁迫对不同冬小麦品种水分利用率的影响

Effects of Drought Stress on Water Use Efficiency of Different Winter Wheat Varieties at Grain Filling Stage

以衡观35、开麦21、郑麦366这3个河南省种植面积较大的小麦品种为试验材料,通过室内培养箱与田间试验,研究3种不同冬小麦品种的水分利用率差异。结果表明:灌浆期相同干旱胁迫条件下,衡观35与开麦21抗旱性要比郑麦366高,只有在重度干旱胁迫下产量才有显著降低;不同品种冬小麦水分利用率皆于中度干旱胁迫下增加,在重度胁迫下降低,而衡观35、开麦21水分利用率在重度胁迫下降幅均较郑麦366小;不同水分处理措施对不同品种小麦旗叶水分利用率影响有所差异,影响时间从长到短依次是郑麦366、衡观35、开麦21;整体来看,衡观35、开麦21属于抗旱性较强的小麦品种;郑麦366虽是抗旱性较弱的品种,但在正常灌水条件下其产量最高。

Taking Hengguan 35,Kaimai 21 and Zhengmai 366 as experimental materials,differences of water use efficiency of three different winter wheat varieties were studied through indoor incubator and field experiments.Results showed that drought resistance of Hengguan 35 and Kaimai 21 was higher than that of Zhengmai 366 under same drought stress at grain filling stage.Only under severe drought stress,yield decreased significantly.Water use efficiency of different winter wheat varieties increased under moderate drought stress and decreased under severe drought stress,while decrease range of water use efficiency of Hengguan 35 and Kaimai 21 under severe drought stress was smaller than that of Zhengmai 366.Effects of different water treatments on flag leaf water use efficiency of different wheat varieties were different,and influence time from long to short was Zhengmai 366,Hengguan 35 and Kaimai 21.On the whole,Hengguan 35 and Kaimai 21 belonged to wheat varieties with strong drought resistance,although Zhengmai 366 was a weak drought resistant variety,its yield was the highest under normal irrigation conditions.