基于污染物扩散模拟的饮用水水源地保护区划分研究

Zoning of Drinking Water Source Protection Areas Based on Pollutant Diffusion Simulation

使用科学合理的方法划分饮用水水源保护区,能使饮用水污染治理的成本降至最低。以厦门市莲花水库为例,在对其水文地质条件进行详细分析的基础上,结合当地水源地的地形、水文、生态红线和社会经济要求,通过有限元离散处理模型的方法,建立二维水质模型。以MIKE21和ArcGIS为实验平台对饮用水水源保护区污染物的扩散进行模拟和分析,确定了一级保护区面积为18.02 km^(2)、二级保护区面积为48.4 km^(2)、准保护区面积为90.36 km^(2)、保护区总面积为156.78 km^(2)。并依据《饮用水水源保护区划分技术规范》(HJ 338—2018)及当前该区域的水源地水质影响因数进行修正,预测划分区域未来的水质变化情况,以期为莲花水库饮用水水资源的可持续健康发展提供参考。

Scientific and reasonable zoning of drinking water source protection areas can reduce the cost of drinking water pollution treatment to the minimum.Based on detailed analysis of hydrogeological conditions of Xiamen Lianhua Reservoir,a two-dimensional water quality model was established by combining local topography,hydrology,ecological red line and social and economic requirements of the local water source and using discrete finite element method.MIKE21 and ArcGIS were employed as the test platforms to simulate and analyze the diffusion of pollutants in drinking water source protection areas,and the first-level protection area was determined to be 18.02 km^(2),the second-level protection area was 48.4 km^(2),the quasi-protected area was 90.36 km^(2) and the total protected area was 156.78 km^(2).According to the Technical Guideline for Delineating Source Water Protection Areas(HJ 338-2018)and revision of water quality influence factors of the water source in the current region,future water quality changes in the divided region were predicted to provide reference for sustainable and healthy development of drinking water resources of Lianhua Reservoir.