从岩土工程设计理念谈土力学教学中概念理解上的难点与问题

Discussion for the difficult Problem of soil mechanics based on the design concepts of geotechnical engineering

中国岩土工程设计规范的建议方法与世界其他国家和地区差异很大,这使得中国岩土工程企业难以开展境外岩土工程项目的咨询、设计与监理的竞标,也制约了中国岩土工程的发展。为了解决这一关键问题,除了要开展相关标准与系统的整合研究外,关键仍在做好岩土工程专业人才工程设计思维逻辑的培养。为此,从岩土工程设计理念——容许应力设计法着手,以土力学教学的视角讨论安全系数的取值问题,并以地基承载力与边坡稳定分析的计算原理为例,探讨中国现行规范建议方法的不足之处,并提出相应的改进建议,以期能为岩土工程专业人才的培养提供新的借鉴与思考。

The codes for design of geotechnical engineering in China are different from other countries and regions in the world at present.Hence,the geotechnical engineering consulting companies in China are hard to participate in the project bids for its businesses outside of China.In order to improve the situation,the systematic engineering design research and the professional training are the key issues during this period.Therefore,the allowable stress design concept in geotechnical engineering such as safety factor,soil bearing capacity,and slope stability analysis are discussed in this paper.Moreover,the defects of design codes in China are also presented.Finally,the suggestions of design codes and professional training are recommended to promote the development of geotechnical engineering in China.