恩格斯《英国工人阶级状况》之城乡观分析及启示

The Analysis and Inspiration of Engels'Urban-Rural View in The Condition of the Working Class in England

马克思、列宁认为《英国工人阶级状况》一书是对马克思主义理论的丰富和佐证。恩格斯这一重要著作的贡献在于通过调查事实,认为从工业革命开始的市民社会变革促进了现代城市的产生和发展,其中工商业充分发展使无产阶级日益远离乡村并陷入了物质和精神的双重贫困。其所带来的“城市病”使城乡在经济结构和生态环境方面形成鲜明对比,继而促使城乡分离、对立、融合成为一体化发展的必经阶段。我国大中城市进入高速发展阶段,其应遵循生态文明理念,秉持城乡一体化发展思路,汲取英国工业化进程中的教训,努力实现城乡融合发展。

Both Marx and Lenin think that The Condition of the Working Class in England has enriched and verified Marxist theory.The major contribution of the very work lies in:based on the investigation,the work holds that the social transformation of citizens started from industrial revolution has promoted the formation and development of modern cities,and the full development of industry and commerce have forced the proletarian to get far away from countryside and get caught up in material and spiritual poverty.The subsequent“urban maladies”made a sharp contrast in the economic structure and ecological environment between urban and rural areas;and urban-rural separation,opposition and integration became inevitable stages in the integrated development.Already in a high-speed development,the large and medium-sized cities in China should follow the notion of ecological civilization,uphold the ideas of urban-rural integration,learn lessons from British industrialization,and strive to realize the integrated urban-rural development.