美援“侨生教育计划”下台湾当局对印尼侨生的争取及其影响(1954-1965)

Taiwan's Efforts to Win over Indonesian Expatriate Students and Their Influence under the U.S.Aid Overseas Student Education Program(1954-1965)

1949年后,大量东南亚侨生返回中国大陆求学。退守台湾的国民党当局坚持“无侨教即无侨务”的政策,极力鼓动侨生赴台升学。美国基于“反共”目的,也试图阻止海外侨生前往中国大陆升学。在美台共同利益的驱使下,1954-1965年间美援“侨生教育计划”出台并实施。印尼因其地缘战略位置和地区影响力而在该计划中占据重要位置。由于该计划本身浓厚的政治色彩、印尼政府对华侨教育及侨生赴台的诸多限制、台湾当局政权合法性问题及中共对印尼侨生的争取与安置等因素的影响,台湾当局争取的印尼侨生数量有限,但其政治意义不容忽视。

After 1949,a large number of overseas students from Southeast Asia returned to the mainland to pursue their studies.The Kuomintang Authorities who had retreated to Taiwan insisted on the policy of“No Overseas Education means no Overseas Affairs”and strongly encouraged overseas Chinese students to go to Taiwan for further education.On the other hand,the United States was also trying to prevent the students from going to study in the mainland for“anti-Communist”purposes.Driven by the common interests of the United States and Taiwan,the“U.S.Aid Overseas Chinese Student Education Program”was introduced and implemented from 1954 to 1965,and Indonesia played an important role in this program because of its geo strategic position and regional influence.However,due to the strong political color of the program itself,the various restrictions imposed by the Indonesian government on overseas Chinese education and Chinese students going to Taiwan,the legitimacy of Taiwan's political power and the winning over and resettlement of the Indonesian Chinese students by CPC,the number of Indonesian Chinese students won by Taiwan is limited,but its political significance cannot be ignored.