非离子型Gemini表面活性剂的合成及其在棉织物防沾色皂洗中的应用

Synthesis of nonionic Gemini surfactant and its application in anti-staining soap washing of cotton fabrics

以葡萄糖酸内酯、二乙烯三胺、烷基环氧聚醚和月桂酰氯等为原料,合成非离子型Gemini表面活性剂GDAPC。将GDAPC用于棉织物的防沾色皂洗,结果表明,在硬水条件下,选用活性红3BF 2%(omf)染料进行皂洗实验,当GDAPC用量为1 g/L时,沾色色差最小为25.0,吸光度最大为0.141。利用GDAPC和具有螯合作用的水溶性高分子聚丙烯酸钠(PAAS)进行复配,当PAAS与GDAPC质量比为1∶2时,沾色色差最小为19.5,同时吸光度最大为0.162,优于单独使用GDAPC时的皂洗效果。正交实验结果表明,优化应用工艺为:皂洗剂质量浓度4 g/L,皂洗时间20 min,皂洗温度90℃,pH 9,此时GDAPC复配皂洗剂的皂洗效果接近于XC-W(BASF公司皂洗剂)。

The nonionic Gemini surfactant GDAPC was synthesized using gluconolactone,diethylenetri⁃amine,alkyl epoxy polyether and lauroyl chloride as raw materials.GDAPC was used for anti-staining and de floating of cotton fabrics.It was found that under the condition of hard water,reactive red 3BF 2%(omf)was selected as the dye.When the dosage of GDAPC was 1 g/L,the minimum color difference was 25.0 and the maximum absorbance was 0.141.GDAPC was compounded with sodium polyacrylate(PAAS)(a water-soluble polymer with chelation).When the mass ratio of PAAS to GDAPC was 1∶2,the minimum color difference was 19.5,and the maximum value of absorbance was 0.162,which was better than the soaping effect when GDA⁃PC was used alone.Orthogonal experiment results showed that the best process conditions were as follows:the amount of soaping agent 4 g/L,soaping time 20 min,soaping temperature 90℃,pH 9.At this time,the soaping effect of gdapc composite soaping agent was close to XC-W(BASF soaping agent).