国家授时中心40米射电望远镜Crab脉冲星周期跃变监测

The Crab Pulsar Glitch Monitoring by the 40-meter Radio Telescope of the National Time Service Center

脉冲星周期跃变是一种罕见的现象,是研究其内部结构的探针。针对2019年2月~12月国家授时中心昊平观测站40 m射电望远镜在脉冲星计时观测中监测Crab脉冲星的数据,采用脉冲星计时方法,用TEMPO2拟合程序进行分析。结果表明,Crab脉冲星在2019年7月23日(MJD 58687)附近发生了一次周期跃变现象,该跃变自转增量为Δv_(g)=5.33(4)×10^(-7)Hz,自转变化量为Δv_(g)/v=17.9(1)×10^(-9),并伴随着恢复系数Q~0.88的指数恢复过程。此次Crab脉冲星周期跃变的监测及处理,证实了40 m射电望远镜对脉冲星的监测性能,同时为研究周期跃变的产生机理积累了样本。

Pulsar glitch,is a rare phenomenon,and is a probe for studying the internal structure of pulsars.From February to December 2019,time-of-arrival measurements have been collected for Crab pulsar with the 40-meter radio telescope at Haoping Observatory of the National Time Service Center during pulsar timing observations.These measurements are analyzed by“timing solutions”with TEMPO2 fitting program.We have observed a glitch in the Crab pulsar.The glitch occurred around July 23,2019(MJD 58687)when Crab pulsar underwent an increase in the rotation rate ofΔv_(g)=5.33(4)×10^(-7) Hz,corresponding to fractional size ofΔv_(g)/v=17.9(1)×10^(-9).This event was followed by an exponential recovery process with a degree of recovery Q~0.88.The monitoring program of the Crab pulsar glitch indicates that the 40-meter radio telescope of the National Time Service Center has a pretty good receiving sensitivity and system stability for pulsar timing observations,and contributes samples to study the mechanism of pulsar glitch.