婴儿运动表现测试在昆明地区小婴儿中的应用研究

Application of the Test of Infant Motor Performance for infants in Kunming area

目的通过使用婴儿运动表现测试(TIMP)对昆明地区168名婴儿进行测试,并与美国常模数据进行比较,分析影响得分的相关因素及临床应用价值,为TIMP的本土化提供一定的参考依据。方法对昆明地区168例足月儿及矫正胎龄34~57;周早产儿进行TIMP测试,并记录原始得分及婴儿一般情况。结果 1)随着婴儿胎龄的增加,TIMP测试得分逐渐升高,且各组测试得分均明显低于同周龄组美国常模标准,差异有统计学意义(t=-3.763、-4.181、-3.554、-3.423、-2.489、-3.463、-4.579、-2.612、-2.359、-3.249、-3.038、-4.248,P<0.05);2)足月儿的TIMP得分高于早产儿(t=2.615,P<0.05);出生体重≥2 500 g婴儿的TIMP得分高于出生体重在1 500~<2 500 g之间的婴儿(t=-2.593,P<0.05);测试时矫正年龄在<40周、40~44周、45~48周、49~52周、≥53周的各组婴儿间TIMP得分比较,差异有统计学意义(F=168.226,P<0.001)。3)出生时胎龄(足月或早产儿),以及进行TIMP测试时的矫正胎龄分组是TIMP得分的影响因素(β=0.164、0.743,P<0.05)。结论 TIMP评估得分能反映不同矫正胎龄婴儿的运动表现能力,各组测试得分均明显低于同周龄组美国常模标准,因此需要建立中国常模提供本土化数据参考;并对早产儿及低出生体重儿给予早期评估和干预。

Objective To assess the motor development of 168 infants in Kunming by using Test of Infant Motor Performance(TIMP), and to compare the original score of TIMP in this study with the constant modulus data in the United States, so as to provide certain reference for the localization of TIMP. Methods TIMP was performed in 168 full-term infants and premature infants with corrected gestational age of 34-57;weeks in Kunming, the original scores and general conditions of infants were recorded. Results 1)With the increase of fetal age, TIMP scores increased gradually, and the scores in each group were significantly lower than the American normal standard for the same age group(t=-3.763,-4.181,-3.554,-3.423,-2.489,-3.463,-4.579,-2.612,-2.359,-3.249,-3.038,-4.248,P<0.05). 2) The TIMP score of full-term infants was higher than that of premature infants(t=-2.615, P<0.05). TIMP score of infants with birth weight ≥2 500 g was higher than that of infants with birth weight between 1 500 and 2 499 g(t=-2.593, P<0.05).There were significant differences in TIMP scores among infants with corrected ages <40 weeks, 40-44 weeks, 45-48 weeks, 49-52 weeks, and ≥53 weeks(F=168.226, P<0.001). 3) Gestational age at birth(full-term or premature) and the corrected gestational age at TIMP test were influential factors for TIMP score(t=2.550, 11.539,P<0.05). Conclusions TIMP assessment scores can reflect the athletic performance of infants at different corrected gestational ages. However, test scores of each group are significantly lower than the American normal standard of the same age group. Therefore, it is necessary to establish Chinese norm for providing local data reference, and to provide early assessment and intervention for preterm infants and low birth weight infants.